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CNS Diseases > HSV + VZV > Flashcards

HSV + VZV Flashcards

1
Q

Kaposi sarcoma is caused by …

A

HHV8

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2
Q

Which herpes viruses set up latent infection in sensory nerve ganglia?

A

1,2,3

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3
Q

HHV 5, 4 and 8 set up latent infection in

A

B lymphocytes

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4
Q

HHV5 and 4 set up latent infection in

A

Epithelial cells

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5
Q

HHV6 and 7 set up latent infection in

A

T lymphocytes

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6
Q

HHV 4 sets up latent infection in

A

both epithelial cells and B lymphocytes

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7
Q

Alphaherpes viruses

A

HSV and VZV
Rapid growth in cell culture
neuronal latency

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8
Q

Betaherpes viruses

A

CMV, HHV6A and B
slow growth
affinity for CD4 lymphocytes

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9
Q

Gammaaherpes Viruses

A

EBV
only grow in lymphoblastoid cell lines
affinity for B lymphocytes

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10
Q

Structure of herpes viruses

A

Lipid envelope
icosahedral capside
dsDNA

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11
Q

Genital herpes is classically associated with

A

HSV2

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12
Q

Rates of seropositivity to HSV is highest in

A

crowded, disadvantaged, lower SEG

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13
Q

What is the primary route of HSV1 transmission

A

oral secretions from individual actively shedding virus

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14
Q

What impact fro congenital deficiencies in humeral immunity have on HSV1 infection?

A

not a significant risk factor for serious HSV disease

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15
Q

Impact of deficient cell-mediated immunity on HSV infection?

A

Congenital + acquired deficiencies in cell mediated immunity ARE associated with severe HSV disease

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16
Q

What is the most common presentation of HSV1

A

Gingivostomatitis

17
Q

typical location of HSV1 encephalitis

A

fronts-temporal and parietal regions

18
Q

Pneumonitis and hepatitis are common presentation of HSV1 recurrence in

A

Neonates

19
Q

How does recurrence of HSV1 manifest in immunocompetent individuals

A

asymptomatic shedding
herpes labialis
keratoconjunctivitis
rare - encephalitis

20
Q

When is an antiviral most effective for HSV1?

A

within 72hrs of infection starting

21
Q

How doe the majority of HSV2 infections present?

A

majority are clinically silent

22
Q

T or F HSV1 infection prevents aquisition of HSV2

A

F

does not present but does reduce the likelihood of

23
Q

are males or females more easily infected with HSV2

A

FEMALES

24
Q

what is the main risk factor for infection of HSV2

A

no of sexual partners

25
Q

are genital lesions of HSV usually uni or bilateral?

A

Bilateral

26
Q

What babies are most at risk of acquiring congenital HSV infection?

A

Baby born to mother that was seronegative and develops genital herpes in the 3rd trimester

27
Q

what proportion of patients with a primary HSV2 infection report recurrence?

A

60%

28
Q

VZV peak

A

spring

29
Q

Peak age of primary infection of VZV

A

kids <5yrs

30
Q

where is the site of replication + spread of VZV

A

replicated in nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue and spreads to RES

31
Q

What part of the skin is infected by VZV

A

isthmus of hair follicles

rich in stem cells

32
Q

IP of VZV

A

7-23 days

shorter in immunocompromised

33
Q

what is characteristic of a VZV rash

A

centripetal

starts peripherally and moves to trunk

34
Q

When are patients with VZV infectious

A

from 2 days before rash until the vesicles have crusted and no new vesicles are forming

35
Q

What is the most common complication of VZV

A

secondary bacterial infection

36
Q

is viral pneumonia after VZV more common in adults or kids

A

adults
esp in smokers, pregnant women
also children with leukaemia

37
Q

baby with skin scarring, limb hypoplasia and CNS defects is typically caused by

A

congenital varicella syndrome - infection occurred early, in the 1st trimester

38
Q

What is the most common complication of Zoster

A

Post-herpetic neuralgia

- pain lasting >4wks after rash onset

39
Q

What is the effectiveness fo antiviral use for ZAP

A

reduce the incidence, duration and severity of ZAPain if started within 3 days of rash onset

CNS Diseases (10 decks)

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