HTN Flashcards
(6 cards)
1
Q
Define Hypertensive crisis
A
HTN (DBP >120mmHg or SBP > 180mmHg) + acute impairment of one or more organ systems
- papilloedema required for diagnosis
2
Q
What is a hypertensive emergency?
A
HTN (DBP >120mmHg or SBP > 180mmHg) without organ impairment
3
Q
What is the treatment for a hypertensive crisis?
A
lower MAP by 20% in 1-2 days
- sodium nitroprusside (arteriolar and venous dilator), risk of cyanide toxicity
- labetalol infusion
4
Q
What are the changes in hypertensive retinopathy?
A
Grade1: silver wiring and vascular tourists
Grade 2: above + AV nicking/nipping
Grade 3: above + retinal oedema - cotton wool spots, flame haemorrhages
Grade 4: above + papilloedema
5
Q
What is the most common type of HTN in the elderly?
A
Systolic HTN - due to reduced arteriolar compliance
6
Q
What is normal blood pressure
A
130/85
