HTTP Overview and Message Formats

Question 1

rules that define his entities in a network communicate with each other

Answer 1

Network protocols

Question 2

a network protocol that runs on top of TCP and IP.

governs communication over the web

Answer 2

HTTP

Question 3

request and sent using HTTP

Answer 3

HTML pages
Style sheets
Scripts
Images
Fonts

Question 4

designed HTTP in 1990

Answer 4

Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau

Question 5

Latest Version of HTTP

Answer 5

HTTP/2.0

Question 6

Most Used version of HTTP

Answer 6

HTTP/1.1

Question 7

characteristics of HTTP

Answer 7

client-server
request-response
stateless

Question 8

requests are sent to a server by another server or client programs called user-agents

Answer 8

Client-Server

Question 9

programs that make HTTP requests for humans users

Answer 9

User-agents

Question 10

most common user-agent

Answer 10

web browser

Question 11

HTTP communication is done through exchanges of request and response messages

Answer 11

Request-Response

Question 12

where request messages are sent

sends back a response

Answer 12

web server

Question 13

the client and server are only aware of each other during the current request-response exchange

Answer 13

Stateless

Question 14

TRUE OR FALSE

client and server may have multiple HTTP transactions in succession but each request doesn’t depend on the context of the previous one

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

ratio of exchange of request and repsonse in an HTTP transaction

Answer 15

1:1

Question 16

TRUE OR FALSE

TCP connection may or may not be closed

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

TRUE OR FALSE

To fulfill a request, a server may have to sent requests to other servers

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

web servers that act as intermediaries between client and server

Answer 18

Proxies

Question 19

2 types of proxies

Answer 19

Forward Proxy
Reverse Proxy

Question 20

used to pass messages from one part of the internet to another

Answer 20

Forward Proxies

Question 21

used as an entrance to private networks

Answer 21

Reverse Proxies

Question 22

does not modify passing requests

Answer 22

Transparent proxy

Question 23

modifies passing requests

Answer 23

Non-transparent proxy

Question 24

Proxy functions

Answer 24

Caching
Filtering
Load Balancing
Authentication
Logging

Question 25

cache data that may be commonly requested by clients

Answer 25

Caching

Question 26

request can be filtered to block or prioritize certain requests

Answer 26

Filtering

Question 27

a single front-facing server accepts all requests and distributes them across different servers based on factors such as server load, proximity to client, etc.

Answer 27

Load Balancing

Question 28

only pass request messages if they contain appropriate authentication details

Answer 28

Authentication

Question 29

there's proxies maintain a log of the messages that it passes along

Answer 29

Logging

Question 30

Web entities

Answer 30

Web Servers User- Agent Proxies

Question 31

have to act as both server and client

Answer 31

proxy

Question 32

HTTP Messages 2 types

Answer 32

Request Response

Question 33

what HTTP message is this ``` GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: developer.mozilla.org Accept-Language: en ```

Answer 33

Request Message

Question 34

Parts of a request message

Answer 34

Request Line Headers Body (optional)

Question 35

Request Line parts

Answer 35

Method Path Protocol Version

Question 36

defines the operation that the client wants to perform

Answer 36

Method

Question 37

Methods

Answer 37

GET POST HEAD OPTIONS PUT PATCH DELETE TRACE CONNECT

Question 38

client wants to fetch resource

Answer 38

GET

Question 39

client wants to send data

Answer 39

POST

Question 40

path of the resource

Answer 40

Path

Question 41

version of HTTP to be used in the transaction

Answer 41

Protocol Version

Question 42

convey additional information about the sender or the message payload

Answer 42

Headers

Question 43

actual payload of the message this is optional

Answer 43

Body

Question 44

what HTTP message is this ``` HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Wed, 16 Aug 2017 14:28:00 GMT Server: Apache Content-Length: 25679 Content-Type: text/html ```

Answer 44

Response

Question 45

Parts of a response message

Answer 45

Status line Headers Body

Question 46

Parts of a status line

Answer 46

Protocol Version Status Code Reason Phrase / Status Message

Question 47

a number that indicates is the request was successful or not

Answer 47

Status code

Question 48

short English description of the status code also called status message

Answer 48

Reason Phrase