HUBS L32 Innate Immunity II Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are the 3 layers of the immune system
The physical and chemical barrier
The innate immune system
The adaptive immune system
What attracts more cells to an injury site in the body
Chemical signals from cells in the tissue that attract more cells to the site on the injury
What can the mast cells do
Go through degranulation to produce chemical signals
Where are neutrophils
In the blood
what makes up 3/4 of cells in the blood
Neutrophils
Neutrophils in the inflammatory response do what?
The roll along the capillary wall until the squeeze out the out the blood into the tissue
What do chemical signals do to the blood vessel
They dilate the blood vessels, making them wider, slowing speed causing Neutrophils to move out.
Dilating the blood vessels to make them wider is know as?
Capillaries being ‘leakier’
Degranulation of mast cells produce chemical signals. What does that do
Allows for the neutrophils to follow the chemical trail to injury site
Stages of phagocytosis, what is stage 1
The Phagocyte adheres
to pathogens.
Stages of phagocytosis, what is stage 1
Phagocyte forms
pseudopods that
eventually engulf the
particles, forming a
phagosome
Whats a phagosome
A phagocytic
vesicle carrying pathogen
Whats a pseudopod
When the Phagocyte membranes wraps around a pathogen to form a pod
Stages of phagocytosis, what is stage 3
Lysosome fuses
with the phagocytic
vesicle, forming a
phagolysosome
Whats a phagolysosome
A phagolysosome is a temporary structure inside a cell that forms when a lysosome fuses with a phagocytic vesicle
Stages of phagocytosis, what is stage 4
Toxic compounds
and lysosomal
enzymes destroy
pathogens
Stages of phagocytosis, what is stage 5
Sometimes
exocytosis of the
vesicle removes
indigestible and
residual material
What types of enzymes are found in lysosomes?
Proteases (break down proteins)
Lipases (break down fats/lipids)
Nucleases (break down DNA and RNA)
What do complement proteins (C1–C9) do?
They help clear pathogens from blood and tissues by marking, attacking, and recruiting other immune responses
function of the Complement Pathways: CLASSICAL
Antibody (y-shaped) bound
to pathogen binds
complement triggering classical pathway
