Human and Physical Geography

Question 1

What is the primary objective of geography as a discipline?

Answer 1

To understand spatial patterns and unique features of the world and how they interact and change.

This includes examining historical, cultural, political, and physical features.

Question 2

What are the two fundamental questions geographers seek to answer?

Answer 2

Where? and Why?

These questions help geographers explore the location and significance of various features.

Question 3

How do geographers differ from historians in their approach to studying the world?

Answer 3

Geographers look at the world spatially rather than chronologically.

Historians examine the sequence of world events, while geographers focus on location and spatial relationships.

Question 4

What are the three main perspectives through which geographers view the world?

Answer 4

• Chronological
• Systematic
• Spatial

The spatial perspective is unique to geography and focuses on location and relationships.

Question 5

What is the regional geographic approach?

Answer 5

A synthesis of the physical world and human activity.

It incorporates various features such as historical, cultural, political, and physical aspects.

Question 6

What methods do geographers use in their research?

Answer 6

Quantitative techniques like statistics and qualitative methods like interviews.

Both types of methods help in understanding geographical phenomena.

Question 7

Fill in the blank: Geographers, when confronted with a global problem, immediately ask the questions ‘_______’ and ‘_______’.

Answer 7

Where? and Why?

Question 8

True or False: All geographers have the same approach to studying spatial patterns.

Answer 8

True

Despite their methods differing, they all share a spatial perspective.

Question 9

What unites geographers regardless of their specific focus or method?

Answer 9

An attention to the spatial perspective.

This perspective drives their inquiry into geographical phenomena.

Question 10

What does relative location refer to?

Answer 10

The location of a place relative to other places

Question 11

How is relative location commonly used?

Answer 11

When giving directions to people

Question 12

What is absolute location?

Answer 12

References an exact point on Earth using specific coordinates

Question 13

What coordinates are commonly used in absolute location?

Answer 13

Latitude and longitude

Question 14

What do lines of latitude measure?

Answer 14

Distances north or south of the equator

Question 15

What do lines of longitude measure?

Answer 15

Distances east and west of the prime meridian

Question 16

What is the geographic coordinate system?

Answer 16

A system formed by lines of latitude and longitude

Question 17

Where is the White House located in terms of latitude and longitude?

Answer 17

Latitude 38.8977 °N and longitude 77.0365°W

Question 18

What does absolute location also refer to?

Answer 18

Details like elevation

Question 19

What is the lowest location on land?

Answer 19

The Dead Sea, at 1,378 feet below sea level

Question 20

What is a line of latitude?

Answer 20

The equator

Question 21

What is a line of longitude?

Answer 21

The prime meridian

Question 22

Latitude covers all of the degrees from __ to __.

Answer 22

0° to 90°

Question 23

Longitude covers all of the degrees from __ to __.

Answer 23

0° to 180°

Question 24

The ______ Pole is 90° North.

Answer 24

North

Question 25

The ________ Pole is 90° South.

Answer 25

South

Question 26

What continent can be found at 60°N 150°W?

Answer 26

North America

Question 27

What continent can be found at 30°N 30°E?

Answer 27

Africa

Question 28

What continent can be found at 30°S 60°W?

Answer 28

South America

Question 29

What continent can be found at 60°N 120°E?

Answer 29

Asia

Question 30

What continent can be found at 30°S 150°E?

Answer 30

Australia

Question 31

What is scale in the context of maps?

Answer 31

The ratio between the distance between two locations on a map and the corresponding distance on Earth’s surface ## Footnote Scale helps to represent large areas on a manageable-sized map.

Question 32

What does a 1:1000 scale map indicate?

Answer 32

1 meter on the map equals 1000 meters, or 1 kilometer, on Earth’s surface ## Footnote This illustrates how scale reduces the actual size of locations.

Question 33

Does scale refer to the size of the map itself?

Answer 33

No, scale refers to a ratio, not the size of the map ## Footnote It indicates how zoomed in or out the map is.

Question 34

What is an example of a 1:1 scale map?

Answer 34

A map of your room that is the exact same size as your room ## Footnote This allows for significant detail but may not fit in a glove compartment.

Question 35

What scale is commonly used for a walking tour of a historic town?

Answer 35

1:5,000 scale map ## Footnote This scale provides enough detail for navigating smaller areas.

Question 36

What scale would be appropriate for a geography student looking at a map of the entire world?

Answer 36

1:50,000,000 scale map ## Footnote This scale is suitable for viewing large areas with less detail.

Question 37

What do 'large scale' and 'small scale' refer to?

Answer 37

They refer to the ratio, not to the size of the landmass on the map ## Footnote A 1:5,000 scale map is considered 'large' scale, while 1:50,000,000 is 'small' scale.

Question 38

What is the value of 1 divided by 5,000?

Answer 38

0.0002 ## Footnote This is a larger number than 1 divided by 50,000,000.

Question 39

What is the value of 1 divided by 50,000,000?

Answer 39

0.00000002 ## Footnote This indicates a smaller scale compared to 1:5,000.

Question 40

What are the five basic elements of any map?

Answer 40

Title, Scale, Legend, Compass Rose, Latitude and Longitude

Question 41

What is the purpose of a map title?

Answer 41

Indicates the theme of the map and explains what is represented

Question 42

What do political maps show?

Answer 42

Borders and territorial designations of countries

Question 43

What do physical maps aim to represent?

Answer 43

A visual representation of the physical landscape of a given zone

Question 44

What is the function of a map scale?

Answer 44

To provide context for the distances represented on the map

Question 45

How is a map scale typically represented?

Answer 45

As a series of lines with labels of specific units of measurement

Question 46

What is a map key also known as?

Answer 46

Map legend

Question 47

What does a map key explain?

Answer 47

The symbols and/or colors used on the map

Question 48

What is the purpose of a compass rose?

Answer 48

To distinguish north from south and east from west

Question 49

What shape does a compass rose typically take?

Answer 49

A four- to eight-pointed star

Question 50

What are latitude and longitude used for?

Answer 50

To label specific locations on the planet

Question 51

What is the Prime Meridian?

Answer 51

The 'zero of longitude' running from the North pole to the South pole

Question 52

What is the Equator?

Answer 52

The 'zero of latitude' that runs east to west around the Earth

Question 53

Fill in the blank: The vertical grid lines on a map are referred to as _______.

Answer 53

lines of longitude

Question 54

Fill in the blank: The horizontal grid lines on a map are known as _______.

Answer 54

lines of latitude

Question 55

True or False: Political maps focus mainly on geographic features.

Answer 55

False

Question 56

What mnemonic helps remember the difference between latitude and longitude?

Answer 56

latitude-flatitude

Question 57

What is the significance of the 'zero points' in the latitude and longitude grid?

Answer 57

They are the starting points for measuring degrees around the planet

Question 58

What are the two main branches of geography?

Answer 58

Physical geography and human geography

Question 59

What does physical geography focus on?

Answer 59

Natural features and processes, such as landforms, climate, and water features

Question 60

What does human geography concern itself with?

Answer 60

Human activity, such as culture, language, and religion

Question 61

Can physical and human geography overlap?

Answer 61

Yes, they can overlap in studies of events like hurricanes and agricultural systems

Question 62

What has shaped much of the Earth's physical landscape?

Answer 62

The movement of tectonic plates

Question 63

How does the theory of plate tectonics describe tectonic plates?

Answer 63

Rigid plates situated on top of molten, flowing material

Question 64

What analogy is used to describe tectonic plates in relation to their movement?

Answer 64

Like a cork floating in a pot of boiling water

Question 65

How many major tectonic plates are there?

Answer 65

Seven major tectonic plates

Question 66

What has generated a variety of landforms across Earth's surface?

Answer 66

Interaction between tectonic plates and historical patterns of erosion and deposition

Question 67

What identifiable physical features can be found in the world's regions?

Answer 67

Plains, valleys, mountains, and major water bodies

Question 68

What type of movement has shaped much of the earth’s physical landscape?

Answer 68

Tectonic plate movement

Question 69

Which tectonic plate is underneath the United States?

Answer 69

North American Plate

Question 70

Why does the coast of California have the most earthquakes in the United States?

Answer 70

Due to tectonic plate interactions

Question 71

Climate refers to what?

Answer 71

Long term weather patterns

Question 72

Global climate change has resulted primairly by what?

Answer 72

greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide

Question 73

The three major clusters of people in the world are in ...

Answer 73

east asia, south asia, and europe

Question 74

a population grows when what occurs?

Answer 74

when more people are born than die

Question 75

birth rate refers to ...

Answer 75

the total number of live births per 1000 people

Question 76

subtracting the death rate from the birth rate results in the...

Answer 76

rate of natural increase (rni)

Question 77

the birth rate is affected by the ..

Answer 77

total fertilty rate (tfr)

Question 78

total fertilty rate is

Answer 78

The average number of children born to women in her childbearing years

Question 79

Why do more urbanized areas have a lower total fertility rate?

Answer 79

children are no longer needed to help on farms, and urban areas might not have room for larger familys

Question 80

as womens education increases, they are able to

Answer 80

take control of their reproductive rights

Question 81

As countries develop, they experience changes in 3 main things. What are they?

Answer 81

birth rates, death rates, and populatation growth over time

Question 82

stage 1

Answer 82

stable , bendy cone shape

Question 83

stage 2

Answer 83

cone shape, in the middle

Question 84

stage three

Answer 84

the population begins to slow, cone shape with corners

Question 85

stage 4

Answer 85

decreasing the population, rounded slope

Question 86

stage 5

Answer 86

starting to rise again, slope with corners

Question 87

urbanzation refers to -

Answer 87

the increased amount of people living in urban areas

Question 88

megacities

Answer 88

10 million people or more

Question 89

population pyramid

Answer 89

graphs that show sex and age (assigned at birth) distrubtuion of a countrys population

Question 90

cohort

Answer 90

a group of people who share the same gender

Question 91

expanding pyramind

Answer 91

pyramid shaped

Question 92

stable pyramid

Answer 92

stays stable through and gets smaller towards the top

Question 93

diminshing pyramid

Answer 93

upside down ice cream cone

Question 94

globalization

Answer 94

The world get increasingly interconnected through new technology

Question 95

globalization has led to what

Answer 95

homogenization (sameness)

Question 96

high standard of living

Answer 96

wealth, comfort, material goods, and necessities

Question 97

poverty

Answer 97

state of iniabilty to aquire the needs for life

Question 98

also global diffrences of what besides wealth?

Answer 98

literacy, life expectancy, and health care