Human Body Orientation

Question 1

Concerning the image below, which anatomial plan sections the body in lateral and medial?

Answer 1

Sagital

Question 2

Which anatomical plan sections the body in superior an inferior?

Answer 2

Horziontal or Transverse or Axial

Question 3

Which anatomical plan sections the body in anterior and superior?

Answer 3

Frontal or coronal

Question 4

Towards to or away from the head

Answer 4

Superior and inferior

Question 5

Towards to or at the back of the body

Answer 5

Anterior or posterior

Question 6

Towards to or away from the midline of the body

Answer 6

Medial or lateral

Question 7

Closer to or farther from the origin or a body part

Answer 7

Proximal and distal

Question 8

Towards to or away from the body surface

Answer 8

Superficial or Deep

Question 9

On the same sied or on opposite sides

Answer 9

Ipsilateral or contralateral

Question 10

__________ is the study of superficial anatomical markings; ___________ is the study of anatomy by organ system; _____________ is the study of anatomy by body region.

Answer 10

Surface, systemic, regional

Question 11

What are the four type of tissues forming the body?

Answer 11

Epithelial (covers body surface and its cavities), connective (suports the body and protects its organs), muscle (allows movement), and nervou tissue (fast internal communication)

Question 12

What are the organ systems?

Answer 12

Intengumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, immune, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive

Question 13

What are the main structures and functions of the integumentary system?

Answer 13

The main structures are skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, oil glands and the main functions are protection of deep tissues from injury, synthetization of vitamin D, and contains sensory receptors

Question 14

What are the main structures shared by all vertebrates?

Answer 14

Tube within a tube body plan, bilateral symmetry, dorsal hollow nerve cord, notochord and vertebrae, segmentation, pharyngeal pouches.

Question 15

What are the two main large body cavitites?

Answer 15

Dorsal and ventral, both clode to the outside and containing internal organs

Question 16

What are the main structures and functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 16

Structures: Bones, cartilage, joints, and ligaments
Functions: Provides support for muscles, protects body organs, site of blood cell formation, stores minerals like calcium and phosporus.

Question 17

What are the main structures and functions of the muscular system?

Answer 17

Strcutures: Skeletal muscles and tendons
Functions: Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression, maintains posture, produces heat

Question 18

What are the main structures and functions of the nervous system?

Answer 18

Structures: Brain, spinal cord, nerves
Functions: Fast-acting control and communication system of the body, responds to stimuli by activating mucles and glands

Question 19

What are the main structures and functions of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 19

Structures: Heart, blood vessels
Functions: The heart pumps blood, blood vessels transport blood throughout the body, moves gases, nutrients, wastes, hormones, etc.

Question 20

What are the main structures and functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 20

Strcutures: Lymphatic capillaries and vessels, lymph nodes
Fuctions: Picks up excess tissue fluid (lymph) and returns it to the bloodstream, transports fats to the blood stream, houses cells of immune system (lymphocytes), filters lymph from pathogens, activates immune system

Question 21

What are the main structures and functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 21

Strcutures: Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
Functions: Keep blood supplied with oyxgen and removes carbon dioxide

Question 22

What are the main structures and functions of the digestive system?

Answer 22

Strcutures: Oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, intestines (small and large), accessory organs (liver, pancreas)
Functions: Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood, eliminates indigestable substances as feces

Question 23

What are the main structures and functions of the urinary system?

Answer 23

Strcutures: Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Functions: Eliminates nitrogenous waste from the body through urine, regulates water, electrolytes, and pH balance of the blood

Question 24

What are the main structures and functions of the reproductive system?

Answer 24

Male:

Structures: Testes (produce sperm and male sex hormones), vas deferens, prostate, scrotum, penis

Female:
Strcutures: Ovaries (produce eggs and female sex hormones, supports embryo development), fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina

Question 25

Which large division of the body is the blue area referring to? And the red area?

Answer 25

Blue are refers to the axial region of the body (head, neck and trunk), while the red area refers to the appendicular region of the body (appendages or limps/ upper and lower).

Question 26

What are the correct anatomical terms to the following areas? Nose Mouth Neck Armpit Arm Forearm Wrist Palm Fingers Eye Ear Breastbone Chest Belly Navel Thigh Knee cap Ankle Foot

Answer 26

Nasal Oralm Cervical Axillary Brachial Carpal Metacarpal Digital Orbital Otic Sternal Thoracic Abdominal Umbilical Femoral Patellar Tarsal Metatarsal

Question 27

What are the correct anatomical terms to the following areas? Shoulder blade Spinal columns Loin Scral ButtocksBack of the knee Heel

Answer 27

Scapular Vertebral Lumar Sacral Gluteal Popliteal Calcaneal

Question 28

What are the two main body cavities\>

Answer 28

Ventral and Dorsal

Question 29

How is the dorsal body cavity subdivided?

Answer 29

Cranial cavity (containing the skull and the brain), and vertebral cavity (containing vertebral column), enclosing the spinal cord.

Question 30

How is the ventral body cavity subdivided?

Answer 30

Its organs are called viceral organd and it is divided in thoracic cavity (surrounded by the ribs, containing heart and lungs) and abdominopelvic cavity (containing digestive viscera); the diaphragm promotes physical separation between the two areas. There is no physical separation between the abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Question 31

The layer of a membrane lining internal body walls is called:

Answer 31

Parietal layer

Question 32

The layer of a membranecovering interal organs is called:

Answer 32

Visceral layer

Question 33

What is a potential space, containing lubricating serous fluid?

Answer 33

Serous cavity

Question 34

What are the serosae layers associates with the heart?

Answer 34

Parietal pericardium, Visceral pericardium, pericardial cavity with serous fluid

Question 35

What is the importance of the serous fluid?

Answer 35

It lubricates the surfaces and reduces frictions during the movement of an organ.

Question 36

What is one singularity of the pleural cavity?

Answer 36

The visceral and parietal layers touch each other but the presence of the pleural fluid there is very little friction between them.

Question 37

Serous fluid is produced only by the visceral layer.

Answer 37

False, both layers are responsible for its production

Question 38

What are the four abdominal quadrants?

Answer 38

Right upper (RUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), and left lower quadrant (LLQ)