Human Development Flashcards
(30 cards)
Emotional well-being
lack of adequate attachment and affection can cause FTT
withdrawn/apathetic
cognitive and emotional defects
Infancy - Erickson
Basic trust vs mistrust
strength=Hope
depends on how well needs are met by caregivers
Early childhood
18mo-3yrs
autonomy vs shame and doubt
strength= Will
Autonomy if they have independence to explore
Shame and self-doubt if they are over-protected
Play-age
initiative vs guilt
age 3-6
strength= Purpose
independence of action and the negative results of that action
School-age (Erickson)
Industry vs inferiority
(Succeeding academically)
Strength= Competence
vulnerable to expectations (i.e. gifted-and-talented)
Adolescence (Erickson)
Identity vs Role Confusion
Fidelity
dendrite pruning
YA Erickson
Intimacy vs Isolation
Strength= Love
Adulthood
Generativity vs stagnation
Strength = Care
Old-age
Integrity vs despair
Strength= Wisdom
stranger anxiety
caution and wariness displayed by infants when encountering unfamiliar person (seen at 8-10 mo)
represents important social progress
Separation anxiety
distress displayed by infants when caretaker departs
based on parents social cues
first seen at 6-8mo–>14-18mo
Object permanence
understanding objects exist when out of sight
fully established at 12-18mo
*Only look for item where it was last seen, instead of using inference
Secure attachment Pattern
style of attachment in which children use mom has home-base, and are upset when she leaves, and go to her when she returns
18mo-2yrs (Toddlers)
Goal is to move away from primary caregiver
run off, but quickly return
“NO!”
reactive attachment disorder of infnacy
exposed to really poor care or abuse
Inhibited type= withdrawn or unresponsive
Disinhibited= child readily approaches strangers
goal of tx= bone w/ one caregier
temperament
patterns of arousal and emotionality that are characteristics of an individual
HOW child behaves
fairly stable into adolescence
Goodness-of-fit model
development is dependent on degree of match b/w child’s temperament and the nature/environmental demands where they are being raised
some temperaments are more adaptive than others
Sensorimotor stage
0-2yrs reacting to environment manipulating environment end/means object permanence cause/effect assimilation/accommodation
Preoperational stage
2-6yrs
language
symbolic reasoning is yet to be developed
egocentrism (see the world from their perspective)
transductive thinking (lack logical, orginzed mental process)
magical thinking
Preoperational stage
2-6yrs language symbolic reasoning egocentrism (see the world from their perspective) transductive thinking magical thinking
Concrete operations
6-11 yrs Logical cause/effect reversibility of events social speech understand others POV RULE driven
formal operations
11+ yrs
abstract reasoning
metacognition
probability and hypothetical
conservation
knowlege that quantity is unrelated to arrangement and physical appearance of objects (think cups of juice or hot-dog slices)
child’s understanding of area
transformation
process of changing form one state to another
unable to understand how intermediate steps occur during the pre-operational phase
