Human Geography Exam Questions Flashcards

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1
Q

Suggest two reasons for the changes in patterns of live births by mothers

A

Greater education of women
Careers before kids
Greater family planning
Later marriage
Medical improvements for older women giving birth

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2
Q

Define the terms counter urbanisation and re-urbanisation. 4 marks

A

Counter urbanisation is when people move out of urban areas into rural areas

Re-urbanisation is the movement of people back into urban areas. It’s usually a government incentive to counter gentrification.

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3
Q

Briefly explain two consequences for urban areas of re-urbanisation. 3 marks

A

Gain of population
Gain of wealth
Improved work force
House price increase
Friction between communities

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4
Q

Define the concept of carrying capacity. 3 marks

A

The largest population that the resources of a given environment can sustainably support.

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5
Q

Briefly explain two causes of food shortages. 4 marks

A

Supply problems because of natural disasters

Demand problems because of an increasing population

War or trade issues

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6
Q

Explain why birth rates may vary with the income of the parents. 4 marks

A

Low income so higher birth rates as children can be economic assesets for work on farms and more. Also lower education rates so don’t use contraception.

Higher income have more money so can afford to have more children and the mother not to work but having multiple children may be in practical as they would have to pay more child care as they prioritise work life.

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7
Q

Explain how both distance and cost can influence internal migration. 5 marks

A

Distance- generally migration decreases with distance from the source as it takes longer and migrants know less about the area.
Distance- there may be natural barriers like mountain ranges or rivers
Cost- generally relocating has a cost so the cost may not cover the benefits of the move
Cost- may vary with the prices of transport
Distance- unfit or unwell people will not be healthier enough to travel a certain distance

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8
Q

Explain the issues for urban areas resulting from the development of out of town retail parks. 4 marks

A

Loss of retail trade in the cbd and local shops may shut down due to competition

Local government looses some tax revenue

Increased across town journeys

Traffic congestion

Loss of environment

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9
Q

Suggest why as a country develops its peoples calorie consumption tends to increase. 5 marks.

A

Higher incomes so people can afford more food

Improvement in farming techniques

More fast food chains

Increased consumption of meat as a status symbol

Improved transport so better food imports

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10
Q

Explain why migration into and out of rural settlements can occur at the same time. 4 marks.

A

Push and pull approach

Improved transport allows both in and out migration

Houses prices increase so wealthy move in and poor move out

Government policies

Changes in employment

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11
Q

Explain why an arena may experience renewal. 3 marks

A

Out of date facilities

For special events (olympics)

Increasing population

Following a major disaster

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12
Q

Explain one issue that urban renewal may create in urban settlements. 3 marks

A

Environmental

Political

Economic

Demographic

Social

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