Human Growth and Development Flashcards
(37 cards)
Fraud’s stages are psychosexual while Erik Erickson’s stages are
Psychosocial
In Freud’s psychodynamic theory instincts are emphasized. Erik Erikson is an ego psychologist. Ego psychologists
believe in man’s power of reasoning to control behavior
The only psychoanalyst who created a developmental theory which encompasses the entire life span was
Erik Erikson
The statement “the ego is dependent on the id” would most likely reflect the work of
Sigmund Freud, who created the psychodynamic theory
Jean Piaget’s idiographic approach created his theory with four stages. The correct order from stage 1 to stage 4 is
sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, and formal operations
Some behavioral scientists have been critical of Swiss child psychologist Jean Piaget’s developmental research inasmuch as
His findings were often derived from observing his own children
A tall skinny pitcher of water is emptied into a small squatty pitcher. A child indicates that she feels the small pitcher has less water. The child has not yet mastered
Conservation
In Piagetian literature, conversation would most likely refer to
Volume or mass
A child masters conservation in the Piagetian stage known as
Concrete operations-ages 7-11 years
_________ expanded on Piaget’s conceptualization of moral development.
Lawrence Kohlberg
According to Jean Piaget, a child masters the concept of reversibility in the third stage, known as concrete operations or concrete operational thought. This notion suggests
One can undo an action, have an object (say a glass of water) can return to its initial shape
During a thunderstorm, a 6 year old child in Piaget’s stage of preoperational thought (stage 2) says, “The rain is following me.” This is an example of
Egocentrism
Lawrence Kohlberg suggested
Three levels of mortality
The Heinz dilemma is to Kohlberg’s theory as
a typing test is to the level of typing skill mastered.
The term identity crisis comes from the work of
Erikson
Kohlberg’s three levels of mortality
Preconventional, conventional, and postconventional
Trust versus mistrust is
Ericsson’s first stage of psychosocial development
A person who has successfully mastered Erikson’s first seven stages would be ready to enter Erikson’s final or eighth stage
Integrity versus despair
In Kohlberg’s first or preconventional level, the individual moral behavior is guided by
consequences
Kohlberg’s second level of morality is known as conventional morality. This level is characterized by
A desire to live up to society’s expectations and a desire to conform
Stage theorists assume
Qualitative changes between stages occur
Development
Is a continuous process which begins at conception
Development is cephalocaudal, which means
Head to foot
Heredity is the transmission of traits from parents to their offspring and
Assumes the normal person has 23 pairs is chromosomes, assumes that heredity characteristics are transmitted by chromosomes, and assumes that genes composed of DNA hold a genetic code.
