Human Impact On The Environment

Question 1

Extinction definition

Answer 1

Loss of a type of species leading to decrease in biodiversity

Question 2

Reasons for extinction

Answer 2

Natural selection

-Monoculture: growing large number of same genetically identical specie
-pollution
-habitat destroyed
-alien species

Question 3

Conservation definition

Answer 3

Protecting and maintaining endangered habitat or animals. To maintain biodiversity

Question 4

Ways of conservation

Answer 4

-Sperm/ seed bank - exsitu
-Breeding programme (captive breeding) ex-situ

In-situ
-National park on habitat
-SSSI: site of special scientific investigation
-area of outstanding natural beauty

Question 5

In-situ conservation

Answer 5

Protection of species in their natural habitat (national park)

Adv:, encourage natural behaviour for re-introduction, ethical not caged

Disadv: Still exposed to natural threats, harder to enforce rule if opened, more expensive to maintain

Question 6

Ex-situ conservation

Answer 6

Protect species by removing from natural environment (zoo)

Adv: easier to maintain + protect, habitat with reduced threat, research opportunities, stabilise gene pool

Disadv: Semi-domesticated, die if re-introduced, psychological harm

Question 7

Why is conservation important?

Answer 7

Ethical reason - sense of duty as intelligent species
Medical use
Maintain diverse gene - some animal may have gene of specific infection immunity for other animal

Question 8

What is agriculture exploitation

Answer 8

Producing food at a high rate to meet human demand:

Removal of hedges: more areas
Monoculture: growing of 1 or low amount of species in big quantity
Fertiliser

Question 9

Why is agriculture exploitation bad

Answer 9

Removal of hedges: less place animal can live, less food source
Monoculture: if a disease strike, if one not immune all are not immune
Fertiliser: eutrophication

Question 10

How to reduce effect of agriculture exploitation

Answer 10

Build place for animal to live
Less deforestation
Grow different crop at same time or grow different group at different season

Question 11

Slash and burn forest

Answer 11

Cut wood, burn stump

Adv- quick, not much resources needed

Disadv- less photosynthesis, carbon cycle disrupt, release stored co2

Question 12

Coppicing

Answer 12

Only cut some branch, allow regrow

Adv- no co2 release, carbon cycle fine
Disadv- less potential yield