Human Impacts On Biodiversity Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Human Impacts On Biodiversity Deck (17)
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1
Q

What 4 types of ecosystem services are there?

A
  • Supporting (nutrient cycling, primary production)
  • Provisioning (food, water, fuel etc.)
  • Regulating (flood, climate, disease and regulation)
  • Cultural (aesthetic, spiritual, educational etc.)
2
Q

What are the 7 truly negative impacts humans have on the land and it’s inhabitants

A
Land transformation 
Land clearing
Forestry
Grazing
Intensification
Hunting
Fishing
3
Q

Which types of habitat have been lost and gained?

A

Lost:

Forest, steppe/savannah/grassland, shurbland, desert/tundra/ice desert

4
Q

What has happened to Madagascar’s wet tropical forest

A

Only 34% left

5
Q

How is the global temperature controlled?

A

Partly heat heat from centre of planet

Mostly from radiation from sun

6
Q

What is albedo?

A

The reflectivity of a surface

  • snow/ice 45-85%
  • uniform deciduous 20%
  • tarmac 10%
  • oceans/lakes 2-8%
7
Q

What does partially clearing a forest do to albedo

A

Radiated energy trapped within clearings, reduces albedo

8
Q

Which animals increased in the UK with the rising temp?

A

Dragonflies, bats, butterflies

9
Q

How much is the global temp predicted to rise in the next 50 years

A

1.5-2 degrees

10
Q

How much has the sea risen in the last 100 years

A

12cm

11
Q

What are the future climate change possibilities

A

Expansion of deserts
Poleward advance of monsoon rains
Greater frequency of extreme events

12
Q

In the future, how much land area will show shift in vegetation?

A

55%

13
Q

What are the 3 direct exploitation’s humans impose on the environment

A
  1. Bush meat
  2. Fuel wood
  3. Marine fisheries
14
Q

How many mammals birds and reptiles are consumed in the Amazon per year

A

9.6-23.5 million

15
Q

How much of the worlds population rely on biomass fuels

A

1/3rd

16
Q

What is El Niño

A

A series of climatic changes in the movement of warm and cold oceanic waters in the equatorial Pacific region which affects global weather systems

17
Q

What coincides with the Peruvian anchovy fishery collapse

A

El Niño