human life span development

Question 1

what is the years of brith to infancy

Answer 1

0 to 2 years

Question 2

what is the years of early childhood

Answer 2

3 to 8 years

Question 3

what is the years of adolescence

Answer 3

9 to 18 years

Question 4

what is the years of early adulthood

Answer 4

19 to 45 years

Question 5

what is the years of middle adulthood

Answer 5

46 to 65 years

Question 6

what is the years of later adulthood

Answer 6

65 years onwards

Question 7

what are the fine and gross motor skills of a new born

Answer 7

fine motor skills- holds their thumbs tucked into their hands
gross motor skills- reflexes such as grasp

Question 8

what are the fine and gross motor skills of a 1 month old

Answer 8

fine motor skills- can briefly grasp a finger

gross motor skills- lift chin and control some of head

Question 9

what are the fine and gross motor skills of a 3 month old

Answer 9

fine motor skills- briefly rattle

gross motor skills- can lift head and chest when lying on their front

Question 10

what are the fine and gross motor skills of a 6 month old

Answer 10

fine motor skills- moves objects from hands to hand and pick up any dropped toys if in sight
gross motor skills- rolls over, sits up for a short amount of time with support, kicks legs when held

Question 11

what are the fine and gross motor skills of a 9-10 month old

Answer 11

fine motor skills- uses finger and thumb to hold a small object
gross motor skills- crawls and begins to cruise (while holding things)

Question 12

what are the fine and gross motor skills of a 12-13 month old

Answer 12

fine motor skills- manipulates and places toys

gross motor skills- stands alone and walks without help

Question 13

what are the fine and gross motor skills of an 18 month old

Answer 13

fine motor skills- climbs onto furniture

gross motor skills- builds tower from blocks

Question 14

what are the fine and gross motor skills of an 2 year old

Answer 14

fine motor skills- draws lines and circles turns page

gross motor skills- sits, on toys with their feet, throws large ball

Question 15

what are the fine and gross motor skills of an 2 and a half year old

Answer 15

fine motor skills- uses spoon and fork and build tower with 7 or 8 block
gross motor skills- jumps from low step and kicks ball

Question 16

what are the different types of play

Answer 16

solo play 0-1 years
solo play 12-18 months
parallel 18 months-2 years 
associative play 3-4 years 
cooperative play 4-6 years 
cooperative play 6-8 years

Question 17

what is solo play?

Answer 17

0-1 years 
look and watch adults 
puts things in mouth and touches things with hands 
plays alone with toys 
plays simple games 
explores toys alone 

12 months to 18 months 
begins to play and talk alone 
repeated actions 
starts playing with adults 
notices other children

Question 18

what is parallel play?

Answer 18

18 months to 2 years
begins to enjoy repeated actions example:stuff in and out of boxes

begin to copy other children and adults
enjoys playing with adults and self
learn to complete tasks through trial and error

Question 19

what is associate play ?

Answer 19

3 to 4 years
begins to play and coopitively with other kids and start to show reasoning skills by asking “how” and “why “
they join in and play pretend games
take on roles

Question 20

what is coopertive play ?

Answer 20

4 to 6 years
begins to use rules in games
play cooperatively towards shared goals
takes turns when playing with other kids

6 to 8 years 
begins to enjoy small groups
making own games and rules 
enjoys understanding and using rules 
don't cope well with loosing

Question 21

The impact of moving out and leaving home

Answer 21

happens during early adulthood(19-45)
increases independence greatly 
increases responsibilities 
financial independence
might start family 
feel older and independent 

disadvantages: stress of moving, miss family, may struggle, debt problems, relocation depression, sadness and feeling overwhelmed

each person has a different reaction to moving out- happy/sad/sentimental

Question 22

leaving home is a major transitional event what are the sacrifices you need to make?

Answer 22

lower standard house then you are used to

Question 23

impact of low income

Answer 23

Paxton and Dixon (2004)
found out that people who grey up poor become underachieved academically in school and less likely to go to uni or collage
one and a half ties more likely to be unemployed compared ti those who did not experience poverty
earn 10% less over their lifetime

Question 24

disadvantages of poverty

Answer 24

poverty is associated with being a victim of crime
poorer communities are more lily to live in polluted areas
poorer people have an increased risk of dying young

Question 25

what is nature

Answer 25

maturation of brain and body; motor skills, crawl, walk, the ability to perceive, learn and act

Question 26

what is nurture

Answer 26

adaptation, children adapt and respond to the environment to meet their own goals. they need to learn to survive

Question 27

predictable life events | for school and nursery

Answer 27

A- learning to make new friends and cope with change D-feeling lost, unsafe- withdrawal loss of support from parents

Question 28

predictable life events | for beginning and changing employment

Answer 28

A- choosing a work role and having an income from employment D- feeling pressured by new demands on time and mental energy difficulty adapting, loss of lifestyle

Question 29

predictable life events | for. leaving home and care

Answer 29

A- achieving independence controlling personal environment | D- unable to cope in new situation, feeling pressured by new tasks, loss of family care and support

Question 30

predictable life events | for leaving prison

Answer 30

A- coping with freedom and choice D- loss of routine, loss of structured environment, lack of support with finding income and housing and coping with discrimination

Question 31

predictable life events | for marriage

Answer 31

A- making emotional attachments and experiencing intimacy | D- feeling threatened by intimacy and sharing possessions, loss of independence

Question 32

predictable life events | for parenthood

Answer 32

A- attachment to infant learning parent skills | D- distribution of previous lifestyle, loss of free time, new demands on time and energy, feeling tired due to no sleep

Question 33

simple version of predictable life event

Answer 33

happens in someones life | such as starting school, family and retirement

Question 34

simple version of unpredictable life events

Answer 34

takes individual by surprise as they don't know that they are going to happen as it was unplanned such as getting ill, death and divorce

Question 35

unpredictable life events for | birth of a sibling

Answer 35

A- learning to make new emotional attachments D- jealousy and rivalry emotional tension because the role within the family has changed older child/children may loose attention from parents

Question 36

unpredictable life events for | birth of redundancy

Answer 36

A- learning to adapt to changes in income and lifestyle | D- refusal to accept change. anger, depression failure to cope with loss of income and lifestyle

Question 37

unpredictable life events for | birth of retirement

Answer 37

A- controlling own life- disengagement form work | D- loss of previous work roles, loss of contact with work colleagues, difficulty establishing new lifestyle

Question 38

unpredictable life events for | birth of bereavement

Answer 38

A- learning to cope with loss and a new lifestyle | D- grief at the loss of the relationship failure to adapt to unwanted lifestyle

Question 39

unpredictable life events for | birth of illness and serious injury

Answer 39

A- learning to adapt to physical change | D-grief at the loss of good health , anger depression and failure to adapt to disability

Question 40

unpredictable life events for | birth of divorce

Answer 40

A- learning to cope with a new lifestyle D- resentment or depression grief at the loss of the relationship. failure to adapt to a new lifestyle possible financial hardship

Question 41

Piagets theory

Answer 41

thought intellectual development happened in stages and that a child would only go on to the next stage once the first stage is completely mastered individual children may go through the stages at different speeds, but always in the same order. argued younger children do not think in the same way as older children thought that children have to go through a process (stages) of cognitive development in order to achieve the abilities of an older child or adult.

Question 42

gesells maturation theory

Answer 42

gesell observed through observation something one way mirror, infants and children believed that individual development as determined in their DNA genes a blue print which says when periods start or teeth grow or vocabulary is learnt 18 months - 4 and a half years, temper tantrums become easy going STO 8 years- confident, make friends, at 7 they become fearful 9 to 17 years, worries and anxieties , 12 , 14 and 16 more positive and energetic