Human Muscles - Origins and Functions

Question 1

latissmus dorsi

Answer 1

o - lower 6 thoracic vertebrae
f - extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm

Question 2

trapezius

Answer 2

o - occipital bone, C7 and thoracic vertebrae
f - stabilizes, elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula

Question 3

deltoid

Answer 3

o - clavicle and scapula
f - adducts arm when all fibers contract simultaneously

Question 4

biceps brachii

Answer 4

o - scapula
f - flexes and supinates the forearm

Question 5

triceps

Answer 5

o - scapula and humerus
f - extends the forearm

Question 6

brachioradialis

Answer 6

o - humerus
f - flexes the forearm

Question 7

pectoralis major

Answer 7

o - clavicle and cartilage of ribs 1-6
f - adducts and medially rotates the arm

Question 8

serratus anterior

Answer 8

o - ribs 1-8
f - rotates scapula so that its inferior angle moves laterally and upward

Question 9

rectus abdominis

Answer 9

o - pelvic bone
f - flexes and rotates the lumbar region of the vertebral column

Question 10

external oblique

Answer 10

o - lower 8 ribs
f - flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall

Question 11

gluteus maximus

Answer 11

o - pelvic bones, sacrum and coccycx
f - extends the thigh

Question 12

rectus femoris

Answer 12

o - pelvic bone
f - extends the leg and flexes the thigh at the hip

Question 13

vastus lateralis

Answer 13

o - femur
f - extends the leg and stabilizes the knee

Question 14

vastus medialis

Answer 14

o - femur
f - extends the leg

Question 15

biceps femoris

Answer 15

o - femur
f - extends the thigh and flexes the leg

Question 16

semitendinosus

Answer 16

o - femur
f - extends the thigh and flexes the leg

Question 17

semimembranosus

Answer 17

o - femur
f - extends the thigh and flexes the leg

Question 18

gastrocnemius

Answer 18

o - femur
f - flexes foot when leg is extended

Question 19

frontalis

Answer 19

o - epicranial aponeurosis
f - raises eyebrows and wrinkles forehead skin horizontally

Question 20

occipital belly

Answer 20

o - occipital and temporal bones
f - fixes aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly

Question 21

masseter

Answer 21

o - zygomatic bone
f - elevates the mandible

Question 22

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 22

o - sternum and clavicle
f - flexes and laterally rotates the head

Question 23

temporalis

Answer 23

o - temporal bone
f - elevates and retracts the mandible

Question 24

orbicularis oculi

Answer 24

o - frontal and maxillary bones and ligaments around the orbit
f - closes eye (+ blinking and squinting) and pulls eyebrow inferiorly

Question 25

zygomaticus

Answer 25

o - zygomatic bone f - raises lateral corners of the mouth

Question 26

buccinator

Answer 26

o - maxilla and mandible f - closes, purses, and protrudes lips

Question 27

platysma

Answer 27

o - fascia of the chest over pectoral and deltoid muscles f - tenses skin of the neck, depresses mandible, and pulls lower lip down

Question 28

digastric

Answer 28

o - mandible and temporal bone f - depresses mandible and elevates and steadies the hyoid bone

Question 29

sternothyroid

Answer 29

o - sternum an dclavicle f - depresses the larynx of the hyoid bone

Question 30

sternohyoid

Answer 30

o - sternum and clavicle f - depresses larynx and hyoid bone if the mandible is fixed

Question 31

mylohyoid

Answer 31

o - mandible f - elevates hyoid bone and the floor of the mouth

Question 32

flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 32

o - humerus f - flexes the hand and 2nd-5th phalanges

Question 33

flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 33

o - humerus f - flexes and adducts the hand

Question 34

flexor carpi radialis

Answer 34

o - humerus f - flexes the hand

Question 35

extensor carpis ulnaris

Answer 35

o - humerus and ulna f - extends and adducts the hand

Question 36

extensor digitorum

Answer 36

o - humerus f - extends and adducts the hand

Question 37

extensor carpi radialis longus

Answer 37

o - humerus f - extends and adducts the hand

Question 38

fibularis longus

Answer 38

o - fibula f - plantar flexes and everts the foot

Question 39

tibialis anterior

Answer 39

o - tibia f - dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

Question 40

extensor digitorum longus (leg)

Answer 40

o - tibia and fibula f - extends the toes

Question 41

soleus

Answer 41

o - tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane f - plantar flexes the foot

Question 42

gracilis

Answer 42

o - pelvic bone f - adducts thigh and flexes and medially rotates the leg

Question 43

gluteus medius

Answer 43

o - pelvic bone f - abducts and medially rotates the thigh

Question 44

tensor fasciae latae

Answer 44

o - pelvic bone f - steadies leg and trunk on the thigh

Question 45

sartorius

Answer 45

o - pelvic bone f - flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the leg

Question 46

adductor longus

Answer 46

o - pelvic bone f - adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the thigh

Question 47

what muscles make up the hamstrings?

Answer 47

semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris

Question 48

what muscles make up the quads?

Answer 48

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis