Human Reproduction

Question 1

what does the bladder do?

Answer 1

stores urine

Question 2

what does the glands do?

Answer 2

to add fluid to sperm to make semen

Question 3

what does the penis do?

Answer 3

allows the semen to enter female vagina

Question 4

what does the sperm duct do?

Answer 4

to carry sperm from the testes to the penis

Question 5

what does the urethra do?

Answer 5

to carry semen down the centre of the penis it also carries urine from the bladder

Question 6

what does the testes do?

Answer 6

where the sperm and testosterone is produced

Question 7

what does the scrotum do?

Answer 7

to keep the testes cool so that sperm can develop properly

Question 8

list the parts that the sperm pass through?

Answer 8

• testes
• sperm duct
• urethra

Question 9

what is a gamete?

Answer 9

a sex cell e.g. a sperm cell or egg cell

Question 10

what is a sperm?

Answer 10

the male gamete

Question 11

what are the testes?

Answer 11

place where sperm and testosterone are made

Question 12

what is the sperm duct?

Answer 12

a tube that carries sperm from the testes to the urethra

Question 13

what are the glands?

Answer 13

parts of the male reproductive system which adds fluid to sperm

Question 14

what is the urethra?

Answer 14

a tube that carries semen (or urine) out of the mans body

Question 15

what is the penis?

Answer 15

a part of the male reproductive system which delivers semen into the females vagina

Question 16

what are the ovaries?

Answer 16

place where the eggs mature and where oestrogen and progesterone are made

Question 17

what are the eggs?

Answer 17

female gamete

Question 18

what is the oviduct?

Answer 18

a tube that carries eggs from the ovaries to the uterus

Question 19

what is the uterus?

Answer 19

a place where the baby develops

Question 20

what is the cervix?

Answer 20

part of the female reproductive system between the vagina and uterus

Question 21

what is the vagina?

Answer 21

place where semen is deposited

Question 22

what is testosterone?

Answer 22

a male sex hormone causing changes during puberty

Question 23

what is oestrogen?

Answer 23

a female sex hormone causing change during puberty

Question 24

what are the secondary sexual characteristics?

Answer 24

the changes that happen during puberty e.g. pubic hair

Question 25

what is the uterus lining?

Answer 25

the inner layer of the uterus

Question 26

what is menstruation?

Answer 26

bleeding during days 1-5 of the menstrual cycle, as the uterus lining breaks down

Question 27

what is ovulation?

Answer 27

release of an egg from one of the ovaries (on day 14)

Question 28

what are the male secondary sexual characteristics?

Answer 28

- an increase rate in growth - hair growth on face and body including pubic hair - deepening of voice - aggression - increased muscle development - sperm production - pubic hair and under-arm hair growth - sex drive

Question 29

what are the women secondary sexual characteristics?

Answer 29

- an increase in rate of growth - breast development - start of menstrual cycle (periods) - change in distribution of fat - hips widening - pubic hair and under-arm hair growth - sex drive

Question 30

which hormone causes an egg to mature?

Answer 30

FHS

Question 31

which hormone makes the uterus lining thicken?

Answer 31

oestrogen

Question 32

which hormone causes ovulation?

Answer 32

LH

Question 33

which hormone maintains the uterus lining during the second half of the cycle?

Answer 33

progesterone

Question 34

which hormone makes the ovaries release oestrogen?

Answer 34

FHS

Question 35

which hormone stops the pituitary gland producing FHS and making it produce LH instead?

Answer 35

oestrogen

Question 36

which hormone does a structure in the ovary called the corpus lute release after ovulation?

Answer 36

progesterone

Question 37

which hormone stops the pituitary gland releasing FHS and LH?

Answer 37

progesterone

Question 38

what does FHS do?

Answer 38

causes the egg to mature

Question 39

what does oestrogen do?

Answer 39

causes the uterus lining to thicken

Question 40

what does LH do?

Answer 40

causes ovulation

Question 41

what does progesterone do?

Answer 41

maintains the uterus lining

Question 42

what does the foetus develop in?

Answer 42

a bag of fluid called amniotic fluid.

Question 43

what does the amniotic fluid do?

Answer 43

supports the baby and cushions it from bumps and knocks

Question 44

1️⃣ and urea diffuse from the foetus' blood to the mother's blood

Answer 44

1️⃣carbon dioxide

Question 45

the developing foetus cannot 1️⃣ or 2️⃣ for itself or get rid of 3️⃣. the mother must provide the foetus with nutrition and remove waste. this happens in the 4️⃣. the foetus is attached to the placenta by the 5️⃣

Answer 45

``` 1️⃣eat 2️⃣breathe 3️⃣waste 4️⃣placenta 5️⃣umbilical cord ```

Question 46

what is the foetus attached to the placenta by?

Answer 46

umbilical cord

Question 47

what things diffuse from the mother's blood to the foetus' blood through the placenta?

Answer 47

``` oxygen glucose amino acids glycerol fatty acids vitamins minerals hormones antibodies ```

Question 48

a vein carries the foetus' blood (which now contains oxygen and nutrients) along the umbilical cord back to the?

Answer 48

foetus

Question 49

inside the placenta, this artery branches into many 1️⃣ with walls just one 2️⃣ thick. the capillaries are inside finger-like 3️⃣ which provide a large 4️⃣ for the diffusion of substances between the foetus' blood and mother's blood NOTE: inside the placenta the foetus' blood and the mother's blood fo not5️⃣

Answer 49

``` 1️⃣ capillaries 2️⃣cell 3️⃣villi 4️⃣surface area 5️⃣mix ```

Question 50

an artery carries the foetus' 1️⃣ (which contains waste substances such as carbon dioxide and 2️⃣) along the umbilical cord to the placenta .

Answer 50

1️⃣blood | 2️⃣urea

Question 51

how is the developing foetus connected to the placenta?

Answer 51

by the umbilical cord

Question 52

what are three of the ways that the placenta is adapted for rapid diffusion?

Answer 52

- large surface area - lots of capillaries - thin walls-one cell thick

Question 53

what is fertilisation?

Answer 53

when a sperm fuses with an egg