Human Resources

Question 1

Fringe benefits

Answer 1

Extra benefits that you recieve for working for a company (a company car)

Question 2

Job enrichment

Answer 2

Allowing employees more job responsibility and a variety in their jobs to motivate them

Question 3

What is a salary

Answer 3

An annual payment

Question 4

What is a wage

Answer 4

An hourly payment

Question 5

Delegation

Answer 5

When you give a task to somebody else

Question 6

Line manager

Answer 6

An employees immediate boss or manager

Question 7

Flat organisational structure

Answer 7

This has wide spans of control and few levels of hierarchy

Question 8

A tall organisational structure

Answer 8

This has narrow spans of control and a larger number of levels of hierarchy

Question 9

Benefits of training

Answer 9

. Motivation
. Retainment
. Productivity
. Producing better goods and services

Question 10

Induction training

Answer 10

Induction training is the training an employee receives when they start a new job. It is designed to help the new employee settle into the business. It can include meeting other employees, a tour of the building, IT systems, company rules and procedures. It normally takes place in the workplace.

Question 11

On the job training

Answer 11

On-the-job training is training that happens in the workplace. Employees learn from more experienced colleagues

Question 12

On the job training benefits

Answer 12

. Realtively cheap
. Gains experience from experienced employees
. See how the employee performs in the actual workplace setting
. Easier to learn practically

Question 13

On the job training disadvantages

Answer 13

. May pick up bad working habits or practices from other employees
. Unlikely to bring new skills into the business
. Other employees may be taken away from their work to help the trainee
. Mistakes made may be costly

Question 14

What is off the job training

Answer 14

Off-the-job training is training that happens away from the employee’s workplace. This can include a course at a college, university or at a training provider or studying for a qualification at home.

Question 15

Advantages of off the job training

Answer 15

. Bring new ideas into the business
. Since its expensive employees may feel valued
. Likely to obtain new skills since the training provider specialises in that specific field

Question 16

Disadvantages of off the job training

Answer 16

. Expensive, especially for an employee that could leave at any time
. The training may not be tailored to the companys practices
. The company may not be able to monitor their employee

Question 17

Retention

Answer 17

Retention refers to keeping employees working for a business.

Question 18

Financial methods of motivation

Answer 18

. Salary
. Bonuses
. Comission
. Promotions
. Fringe benefits

Question 19

Non financial methods of employment

Answer 19

. Job rotation
. Job enrichment

Question 20

What is job rotation

Answer 20

Job rotation involves an employee having a large amount of variety in their day-to-day role. It can motivate employees by avoiding them becoming bored with their job.

Question 21

What is job enrichment

Answer 21

job enrichment often means giving employees more responsibility, allowing them to make more decisions and enabling them to have more of a say in how they complete their role.

Question 22

What is a full time contract

Answer 22

A full-time employee works a full working week, usually between 35-40 hours over five days each week.

Question 23

Benefits of a full time contract to a business

Answer 23

. More skilled and commited to a business
. Better team dynamic as they will know most people
. Businesses can easily predict costing of these employees rather than part time employees

Question 24

What is a part time contract

Answer 24

A part-time employee works fewer hours than the normal working week, usually between 10 and 30 hours.

Question 25

Benefits of a part time contract to a business

Answer 25

. Can work during busy periods . Lower salary and benefit costs such as paid leave . Reduced risk of them getting injured or sick at work . Easily able to fill in for absent employees . Increased productivity since they will work more intensely over shorter hours

Question 26

Zero hours contracts

Answer 26

Zero hours contracts mean that an employee has no set or guaranteed hours of work, so for example one week they may work for five hours and the next they may work for 30 hours.

Question 27

Span of control

Answer 27

The number of staff that a manager has a responsibility for

Question 28

chain of command

Answer 28

the route by which instructions and communications flow from the top to the bottom of a business, explaining who is answerable to whom

Question 29

delayering

Answer 29

a process where a business removes layers of its management to make its structure more flat

Question 30

subordinates

Answer 30

members of staff below a manager in the chain of command

Question 31

Centralised management structure

Answer 31

A centralised structure is where business decisions are made at the top of the business or in a head office and distributed down the chain of command .

Question 32

Advantages of a centralised management structure

Answer 32

. consistency across the business . the business has a clear direction . operations and decisions are closely controlled and managed . the chain of command and accountability are clear

Question 33

Disadvantages of a centralised management structure

Answer 33

it can demotivate employees a standardised approach may not work in all business locations it may lower productivity

Question 34

Decentralised management structure

Answer 34

A decentralised approach is where a business allows decisions to be made by managers and subordinates further down the chain.

Question 35

Advantages of a decentralised management structure

Answer 35

. improved employee motivation . allowing managers lower down the chain to make decisions to suit their local area and customers . more responsibility for employees

Question 36

Disadvantages of a decentralised management structure

Answer 36

. consistency is not achieved across the business . managers can make ineffective decisions . may negatively impact sales and overall business performance, eg because of ineffective decisions by managers lower down the chain

Question 37

What is remote working

Answer 37

When employees are able to work from home

Question 38

Marketing mix

Answer 38

It is a marketing tool used to attract customers to a business, and all four elements should be carefully considered in order for a business to be effective.

Question 39

What are the four Ps of the marketing mix

Answer 39

Product, price, place or promotion

Question 40

What is produc differentiation

Answer 40

Businesses need to stand out from their competitors. This is known as product differentiation. This can be done by building brand image – advertising, celebrity endorsements and its logo having a unique selling point (USP)

Question 41

Whats a star

Answer 41

These products have high market share in a fast growing market

Question 42

Cash cows

Answer 42

High market share in a low growth market

Question 43

question marks

Answer 43

Low market share in a fast growth market

Question 44

Dogs

Answer 44

Low market share in a low growth market

Question 45

What oart of the product life cycle do businesses not make any profits

Answer 45

Development