Human Resources

Question 1

Centralisation

Answer 1

Maintaining control by keeping authority at the senior levels of the organisation.

Question 2

Chain of command

Answer 2

The line through the hierarchy that shows who is responsible for whom from top to bottom of an organisation.

Question 3

Contract of employment

Answer 3

A legal document that sets out the terms and conditions of the job for the employer and the employee.

Question 4

Decentralisation

Answer 4

Where authority is spread widely through the organisation.

Question 5

Delayering

Answer 5

The reorganisation of the organisation’s employees so that there are fewer levels of management.

Question 6

Delegation

Answer 6

Allocating a task to someone who would not normally be responsible for it.

Question 7

Employment Law

Answer 7

Rulings that relate to the rights and responsibilities of people who work for a business; they affect the recruitment and selection process and how the business deals with its workers.

Question 8

Flat Organisational Structure

Answer 8

An organisational structure with a wide span of control and few levels of hierarchy

Question 9

Fringe benefits

Answer 9

Additional ‘perks’ that are in addition to a wage/salary

Question 10

Full time

Answer 10

Working all the usual hours required of an employee; usually 35 hours or more.

Question 11

Hierarchy

Answer 11

The management structure of a business/organisation showing the levels of responsibility.

Question 12

Induction

Answer 12

Training given to a new employee when they start a new job; it provides information about the business, its operation and working practices.

Question 13

Jon analysis

Answer 13

The process of determining what the job entails, including responsibilities and tasks.

Question 14

Job description

Answer 14

A summary of what the job entails, including job title, duties and who they are responsible for/to.

Question 15

Job share

Answer 15

A system where two employees choose to share a full time job; they receive the salary and benefits on a pro rata basis according to the proportion of the full time hours that each works.

Question 16

Motivation

Answer 16

The reasons people are interested in and committed to their job.

Question 17

Off the job training

Answer 17

Employees are trained away from their job, at a college, training provider or the business’ training centre.

Question 18

On the job training

Answer 18

Employees learn alongside experienced colleagues while they are doing the job.

Question 19

Organisational structures

Answer 19

The way in which the organisation is divided into levels of management, functions and responsibilities.

Question 20

Part time

Answer 20

Working only a proportion of the full time hours.

Question 21

Person specification

Answer 21

Identifies the requirements of the job holder, including qualifications, experience and skills.

Question 22

Profit sharing

Answer 22

A scheme that pays employees an additional amount based on the year’s profits.

Question 23

Recruitment

Answer 23

The process of hiring a new employee.

Question 24

Salary

Answer 24

A method of paying employees for their work; based on a fixed annual amount, normally paid monthly.

Question 25

Selection

Answer 25

The process of choosing which applicant to employ.

Question 26

Span of control

Answer 26

The number of people for whom a manager is directly responsible.

Question 27

Staff retention

Answer 27

Keeping staff once they have been employed.

Question 28

Styles of management

Answer 28

The methods used by those in leadership roles to achieve the most effective outcomes from the employees for whom they are responsible.

Question 29

Tall organisational structures

Answer 29

An organisational structure with a narrow span of control and many levels of hierarchy

Question 30

Training

Answer 30

Employees learn the skills and techniques needed to do the job or to prepare for a new role.

Question 31

Wage

Answer 31

A method of paying employees for their work based on an hourly, weekly or piece of work basis, usually paid weekly or monthly.

Question 32

Zero-hour contract

Answer 32

A contract of employment where the employer is not obliged to provide any minimum hours of work; the employee is not obliged to accept any work that is offered.

Question 33

Commission

Answer 33

An amount of money paid to an employee that is based on a percentage of the sales he/she achieved; paid in addition to a basic salary.

Question 34

Types of management styles

Answer 34

Authoritarian Paternalistic Democratic Laissez-faire