Human Responses...

Question 1

What are unicellular organisms made up of?

Answer 1

One single cell that can perform all functions of life

Question 2

How do unicellular organisms grow?

Answer 2

By an increase in the size of the cell

Question 3

Give examples of unicellular organisms.

Answer 3

• Amoeba
• Paramecium
• Euglena

Question 4

What are multicellular organisms made of?

Answer 4

Complex structures with different types of cells organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems

Question 5

How do multicellular organisms grow?

Answer 5

By an increase in the number of cells through cell division

Question 6

Give examples of multicellular organisms.

Answer 6

• Earthworms
• Fish
• Frogs

Question 7

How is glucose provided to cells?

Answer 7

Broken down in the digestive system, and transported via the circulatory system to cells.

Question 8

How is carbon dioxide removed from cells?

Answer 8

Leaves cells, enters bloodstream, and is transported to lungs to be exhaled.

Question 9

How are waste products removed from the body?

Answer 9

Filtered by the kidneys from the bloodstream and excreted through the bladder. (One way)

Question 10

What is the speed of action for the nervous system (compared to Endocrine)?

Answer 10

Fast

Question 11

What type of messages does the nervous system send?

Answer 11

Electric Impulses

Question 12

What is the impact duration of the nervous system?

Answer 12

Short-term

Question 13

What is an example of a nervous system response?

Answer 13

Blinking, coughing, sneezing

Question 14

What is the Endocrine System’s speed of action (compared to Nervous system?)

Answer 14

Slow

Question 15

What type of message does the Endocrine system send?

Answer 15

Chemical messages (hormones)

Question 16

Endocrine System impact overall is…

Answer 16

Long-term

Question 17

What is an example of the Endocrine System’s use?

Answer 17

Growth… controlling blood sugar.

Question 18

What does it mean for cells to be specialised?

Answer 18

They have unique structures to carry out specific functions in the body. (E.G.: Muscle/Intestinal/Blood/Liver/Nerve/Cardiac cells)

Question 19

What is the function of nerve cells?

Answer 19

To send messages to other parts of the body.

Question 20

What are the three types of neurons?

Answer 20

• Sensory Neuron (detect stimuli, transmit info to the CNS)
• Motor Neuron (control muscles/organs, transmit signals from CNS to muscle)
• Interneuron (connects sensory and motor, help to process info and coordinate activity)

Question 21

What is the structure of nerve cells?

Answer 21

Dendrites/cell body/nucleus/myelin shealth/schwann cell/axon/axon terminal - learn what they do and where they are !!! :D

Question 22

Define homeostasis.

Answer 22

The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment

Question 23

What are the two processes of homeostasis?

Answer 23

• Detecting a change
• Response that returns the body back to normal
  (N E G A T I V E. F E E D B A C K)

Question 24

What type of feedback is involved in homeostasis?

Answer 24

Negative feedback

Question 25

What are receptors in the body?

Answer 25

Specialised cells that detect stimuli outside/inside the body that are attached to sensory neurons.

Question 26

What is a stimulus?

Answer 26

A change in the environment detected by a receptor.

Question 27

Negative Feedback VS Positive Feedback

Answer 27

Negative Feedback is when the stimuli isn't good, and the body wants to go back to homeostasis, so it does its best to counter the change. Positive Feedback is when the change is good, and the body wants to keep producing that change.

Question 28

Reflex Actions...

Answer 28

Reflex actions are extremely fast, and designed to keep our bodies safe. They occur WITHOUT CONSCIOUS THOUGHT because they do NOT INVOLVE THE BRAIN (e.g. blinking.)

Question 29

What is a stimulus?

Answer 29

A change in the environment detected by a receptor, e.g. heat or pain. Receptors then change that stimulus into an electrical impulse.

Question 30

How does Human Response work?

Answer 30

Stimulus is detected -> changed to electrical impulse -> sensory neuron takes it to CNS -> relay transfers from sensory to motor -> impulse goes to effector (muscle/gland) -> body produces response!

Question 31

What is the function of the eye?

Answer 31

To see...

Question 32

What is the role of the pupil in the eye?

Answer 32

To regulate the amount of light entering the eye. The pupil is an opening that lets light pass through the lens and into your eye, then to the retina.

Question 33

What types of photoreceptors are found in the retina?

Answer 33

* Rods * Cones

Question 34

What is the function of rods in the retina?

Answer 34

Responsible for night vision. (They work in dim light.)

Question 35

What is the function of cones in the retina?

Answer 35

Responsible for color vision (They work in bright light).

Question 36

How is sound transmitted to the ear?

Answer 36

By vibrations from sound waves.

Question 37

What structures amplify sound vibrations in the ear?

Answer 37

Three tiny bones in the middle ear.

Question 38

What converts mechanical vibrations into electrical signals in the ear?

Answer 38

Hair cells in the cochlea....

Question 39

What is the primary function of the ear?

Answer 39

Hearing and balance