Human System Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the factors influencing population distribution and density in jamaica?
Physical factors: Flat, fertile areas like the plains and coastal regions have higher populations due to farming and easier living conditions. Mountainous regions have lower density due to difficult terrain.
Economic factors: Urban centers like Kingston have higher densities because of job opportunities and services.
Social factors: Access to schools, hospitals, and infrastructure attracts people to towns and cities.
Historical factors: Areas settled earlier often have higher populations.
Comparing Factors Affecting Population Growth: Jamaica (Caribbean) vs. United Kingdom (Developed Country)
Jamaica: High birth rate, declining death rate due to better healthcare, some emigration reduces population growth, rural to urban migration.
United Kingdom: Low birth rate, low death rate, population growth mainly from immigration, aging population slows natural increase
What is urbanization?
Urbanization is the process by which more people move from rural areas to towns and cities, resulting in the growth of urban areas.
What are some reasons for urbanization in the Caribbean?
Search for better jobs and higher wages.
Access to education and healthcare.
Improved infrastructure and services in cities.
Rural poverty and limited opportunities.
Natural population growth in urban areas.
Population Growth of Kingston, Jamaica (Last 20 Years)
Kingston has experienced steady population growth due to rural-urban migration, natural increase, and economic opportunities in trade, services, and tourism sectors.
Benefits and Problems of Urban Growth in Kingston
Benefits:
More jobs and economic activities.
Better access to services and education.
Cultural diversity and development.
Problems:
Overcrowding and housing shortages.
Traffic congestion and pollution.
Inadequate infrastructure and sanitation.
Increased crime rates
What are some ways to control urbanization in the caribbean?
Developing rural areas to create jobs and reduce migration.
Improving infrastructure and services in smaller towns.
Urban planning and zoning to manage city growth.
Encouraging sustainable development.
Promoting education and skills training in rural communities
Pattern and Consequences of International Migration in Trinidad and Tobago (Last 20 Years)
Trinidad and Tobago has experienced both immigration (mainly from other Caribbean islands and Asia) and emigration (to North America and Europe).
Consequences include cultural diversity, remittances boosting the economy, brain drain of skilled workers, and pressures on housing and services
What is the Importance of Different Types of Economic Activities to the Caribbean?
Primary activities (like farming, fishing, mining) provide food, raw materials, and employment.
Secondary activities (manufacturing and processing) add value to raw materials and create jobs.
Tertiary activities (services like tourism, banking, education) generate income and support economic growth.
Quaternary activities (research, information technology) help modernize economies and develop new industries.
What are some Examples of Economic Activities in the Caribbean?
Primary: Banana farming in Dominica
Secondary: Food processing in Jamaica (e.g., rum production)
Tertiary: Tourism in Barbados
Quaternary: Information technology sector in Trinidad and Tobago
what are some Factors Influencing the Location of Economic Activities?
Banana farming (Dominica): Fertile volcanic soil, humid tropical climate, and adequate rainfall.
Food processing (Jamaica): Close to raw materials, good transport links, and available labor.
Tourism (Barbados): Beautiful beaches, warm climate, and good infrastructure.
IT sector (Trinidad and Tobago): Access to skilled workers, government support, and modern facilities.
what are some Trends in Each Economic Activity?
Banana farming: Declining due to competition and hurricanes but still important.
Food processing: Growing with increased exports and diversification.
Tourism: Expanding with investments but vulnerable to global economic changes.
IT sector: Emerging and growing rapidly, especially in Trinidad and Tobago.
what are some Challenges Faced by Each Economic Activity?
Banana farming: Weather damage, pests, market competition.
Food processing: High production costs, competition, and infrastructure issues.
Tourism: Economic downturns, natural disasters, and environmental concerns.
IT sector: Need for continuous skill development and infrastructure upgrades.
Compare Food Processing in Jamaica and a Newly Industrialised Island (e.g., Mauritius)
Jamaica: Focus on traditional products like rum and processed fruits; challenges include scale and infrastructure.
Mauritius: More diversified food processing industry with better technology and export focus, benefiting from stronger industrial policies.
What is the Importance of Agriculture to the Caribbean?
Agriculture provides food security, employment, foreign exchange earnings through exports, and supports rural communities.
What is the Changing Role of Agriculture in Caribbean Economies?
Agriculture is becoming less dominant as economies diversify into tourism and services. However, there is a growing emphasis on sustainable practices, agro-processing, and export-oriented farming.
Areas in One Caribbean Country Where Commercial Arable and Peasant Farming Are Important
Jamaica is a good example:
Commercial arable farming is important in the Mona Plains and Spanish Town areas, where large farms grow crops like sugarcane, bananas, and vegetables for export and local markets.
Peasant farming is common in the Blue Mountains and rural upland areas where small-scale farmers grow crops mainly for family use and local sale, including vegetables, fruits, and root crops.
Characteristics of Commercial Arable and Peasant Farming in Jamaica
Commercial arable farming: Large-scale, uses machinery and hired labor, focuses on export crops (sugar, bananas), high use of fertilizers and pesticides, organized for profit.
Peasant farming: Small-scale, labor-intensive with family members working the land, mixed crops mainly for subsistence, traditional methods, low use of technology.
Compare Characteristics of Commercial Arable Farming in Jamaica with Wheat Farming in the Prairies of Canada
Scale: Jamaican farms are smaller compared to vast wheat farms in Canada.
Technology: Canadian wheat farms use advanced machinery and technology, while Jamaican farms use less machinery.
Crops: Jamaica grows tropical crops (sugarcane, bananas); Canada grows wheat suited to temperate climates.
Climate: Jamaica has a tropical climate with high rainfall; the Canadian Prairies have a temperate climate with distinct seasons and less rainfall.
Purpose: Both aim for commercial profit, but Canadian farms focus on large-scale export.
Compare Trends in Commercial Arable Farming in Jamaica and Wheat Farming in the Canadian Prairies
Jamaica: Commercial farming faces challenges like hurricanes, soil depletion, and global competition; there is a trend toward diversification and agro-processing.
Canadian Prairies: Wheat farming has become more mechanized and efficient, with focus on sustainability and export markets; farms have consolidated into larger units.
