Humanistic Approach

Question 1

HUMN AP: what does the humanistic perspective focus on

Answer 1

The positive image of what it means to be human

Question 2

HUMN AP: what do humanistic approach researchers focus on

Answer 2

Personal experience rather than behavior

Question 3

HUMN AP: who was the approach developed by

Answer 3

CARL ROGERS and ABRAHAM MANSLOW (1950s)

Question 4

HUMN AP: what do humanist psychologists focus on (5 characteristics)

Answer 4

-personal responsibility
-free will
-personal growth
-development
-focus on self

Question 5

HUMN AP: what does self concept refer to

Answer 5

How we perceive ourselves as a person

Question 6

HUMN AP: TRUE OR FALSE does self concept change as we grow older

Answer 6

TRUE
We learn and change as we grow older and engage with others in our environment

Question 7

HUMN AP: what are the two basic need that determine psychological health

Answer 7

-positive regard from others
-a feeling of self worth (what we think about ourselves)

Question 8

HUMN AP: what does congruence refer to

Answer 8

SELF-CONCEPT (how we perceive ourself) and IDEAL SELF (what we strive to become)

Question 9

HUMN AP: what is congruence

Answer 9

A similarity between a persons ideal self and self concept

Question 10

HUMN AP: what happens if there’s failure to attain congruence

Answer 10

Leads to negative feelings of self worth

Question 11

HUMN AP: when are conditions of worth developed

Answer 11

When people are accepted for who they are and what they do

This is what a counceller does

Question 12

HUMN AP: who places conditions of worth on a person

Answer 12

PEERS AND PARENTS

Question 13

HUMN AP: why do people need conditions of worth

Answer 13

To be perceived positively

Question 14

HUMN AP: when does a person only feel self acceptance

Answer 14

When they meet the expectation that others have set (conditions of worth)

Question 15

HUMN AP: what does therapy teach a person to lose and gain

Answer 15

They lose conditions of worth and gain a unconditional positive regard

Question 16

HUMN AP: what was Maslow focused on

Answer 16

The importance of personal growth and fulfillment

Question 17

HUMN AP: what must be fulfilled in the hierarchy of needs

Answer 17

Each level must be fufilled at the basic level before progressing to a higher level

Question 18

HUMN AP: what does manslow state about needs

Answer 18

The more basic the need, the more important it is and the more difficult it is to ignore

Question 19

HUMN AP: what are the levels on the hierarchy of needs

Answer 19

Top to bottom

Self-actualization
Esteem
Love/belonging
Safety
Physiological

Question 20

HUMN AP: fill in the gap

‘___ is the height of the hierarchy of __ ‘

Answer 20

SELF ACTUALISATION

NEEDS

Question 21

HUMN AP: people who have reached self actualisation are

Answer 21

Creative
Accepting of other people
Accurate perceptions of the world
Spontaneous

Question 22

what are the key assumptions of the humanistic approach

Answer 22

-study the issues without using experiments and instead rely heavily on phenomenology

-holism: humanism believes psychology should study the whole person

-idiographic: humanism believes psychology should study the individual case as people are unique they create general laws and apply to everyone

-self actualization: humanism believes people have the need of being motivated by the wish to grow and fulfill their potential

Question 23

HUMN AP: who influenced counseling within psychology

Answer 23

ROGERS (1959)

Question 24

HUMN AP: what do therapists provide

Answer 24

Empathy and unconditional positive regard showing acceptance and understanding towards the client

Question 25

HUMN AP: what do counselor enable their clients to do

Answer 25

Counselors support clients dissolving their conditions of worth

Question 26

HUMN AP: after successful counseling how do clients behave

Answer 26

They can be their true self and behave how they want and not how others want them to be

Question 27

HUMN AP: strengths of the humanistic approach

Answer 27

P: a strength is that it avoids being overly reductionist E: the humanistic approach emphasises the importance of a holistic approach, E: which suggests the humanistic model recognises the complexity of human behaviour, L: rather than simplifying it.

Question 28

HUMN AP: limitation of humanistic approach

Answer 28

P: clear disregard for empirical evidence E: for example some of the concepts in this approach such as Maslow self actualisation this is hard to measure, vague and abstract L: this shows that we cannot be certain of claims made as part of this theory (when comparing with psychodynamic) the strong reliance of people accounts of their experiences and thoughts means that processes lying below the level of conscious awareness are ignored

Question 29

HUMN AP: What is phenology

Answer 29

technique involving the reporting of direct experience with no interpretation of the experience