Humanistic Psychology Flashcards
(32 cards)
In a short description, what is humanistic psychology?
It’s believes that all people are inherently good, they are all driven to achieve their best selves and that their behaviour is caused by how they view themselves, and their personal feelings.
What type of approach do humanists take?
An idiographic approach
Does the humanistic approach agree that behaviour is a cause-and-effect relationship?
No, however it does believe that human behaviour is determined by free will, that people choose how to behave and this is not affected by external factors, the past or biological factors.
What year did Maslow develop the hierarchy of needs?
1943
Who created the hierarchy of needs theory?
Maslow
What did Maslow believe?
That everyone has the capability of growing to become a better person and there is an innate tendency in themselves to achieve their full potential and respects the fact that we all needs, self actualisation is the uppermost a person can achieve.
Describe the hierarchy of needs created by Maslow?
It is a ‘need theory’ of motivation and he devised it to show the different stages which are required to be self actualised. Self actualisation is a person who is accepting of themselves, others and situations, they’re creative and have high experiences of inspiration and ecstasy regularly.
What are the five different levels in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Physiological needs Safety Love and belonging Self esteem Self actualisation
What are the Physiological needs that are necessary for a person to reach the next level?
You source food, water, breathing, sex, sleep and shelter
What are the features of safety in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Security of body, employment, resources, morality, family, health and property
What features in self esteem in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Self esteem, confidence, acheivement and respect of others and respect for yourself
What are the features of self actualisation In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving skills, lack of prejudice and acceptance of facts
What is a westernised concept and is humanistic psychology this?
Westernised concept means that it encourages individual growth rather than the needs of the larger groups, humanistic approach is a westernised concept.
Did Maslow believe that everyone reaches self actualisation as some point in their life?
No, he believed that everyone in their life tries to reach self actualisation, but hardly anyone ever reaches it.
Can you reach self actualisation without the other levels being fulfilled?
He claimed not, he stated that people need to reach the lower levels before attempting to satisfy the higher levels
Maslow characterised life as a series of peak experiences, what does this mean?
Moments of great achievement, ecstasy or elation when all of our deficiency needs are satisfied!
What did Carl Rogers believe?
That people can creatively solve their own problems and become more authentic
What sorts of ideas did Carl Rogers outline?
The differences between how someone sees themselves (self concept) and how they would like to be (ideal self)
What did Rogers specifically suggest?
That someone’s self concept is created and develops in a way in which depends on whether the person receives unconditional positive regard or whether conditions of worth are placed upon them
If a person recieves unconditional positive regard and love, what will they experience? Explain what they Experience?
They would experience congruence, this is the process of our ideal selves and our the way we see ourselves becoming closer intertwined!
Psychological problems are caused by incongruence, who claims this?
Carl Rogers
Client centred therapy (CBT) was created by which humanist?
Carl Rogers
What is client centred therapy?
It focuses on the client, they’re in charge of what is talked about and it’s eventually their responsibility to solve their own problems. The therapist is there to try and make the client aware of their thoughts and actions. CBT aims to remove incongruence by helping them to move closer to their ideal self.
What is free will?
The ability to make significant personal choices within biological/societal constraints
