Humanistic Psychotherapy Flashcards
(45 cards)
There are compelling parallels between this plant and human beings, according to the humanistic approach. Humanists assume that people, like plants, arrive with an inborn tendency to grow. Humanists call this tendency ____________________
self-actualization
____________, from the humanistic point of view, is essentially the warmth, love, and acceptance of those around us
Positive regard
Carl Rogers’s frequently used term _____________ may best capture this experience of receiving positive regard from others
prizing
The primary goal of humanistic psychotherapy is to foster _______________________
self-actualization
It communicates that we are prized “only if” we meet certain conditions.
Conditional positive regard
When they compare the selves they actually are—the real self—with the selves they could be if they fulfilled their own potential—the ideal self—they perceive a discrepancy. Humanists use the term _____________ to describe this discrepancy, and they view it as the root of psychopathology
incongruence
______________—a match between the real self and the ideal self—is achieved when self-actualization is allowed to guide a person’s life without interference by any conditions of worth, and, as a result, mental health is optimized
Congruence
A therapist experiences ________________ for a client when the therapist is able to sense the client’s emotions, just as the client would, to perceive and understand the events of his or her life in a compassionate way.
Empathy
The term ________________, often used synonymously with humanistic therapy, reflects this emphasis on empathic understanding
client-centered therapy
It is, essentially, full acceptance of another person “no matter what.”
Unconditional positive regard
They don’t act empathic toward clients or act as though they unconditionally prize them. Instead, they truly are empathic toward clients and truly do unconditionally prize them
Genuineness
This genuineness—which Rogers and his followers have also called ___________________, because there is a match between the therapist’s real and ideal selves—is the opposite of playing a role or putting up a front
therapist congruence
These three conditions—__________, ____________, and ___________—are the essential elements of the relationship between humanistic therapists and their clients
empathy, UPR, and genuineness
Whether empathy, UPR, and genuineness are necessary, sufficient, or both, it is important to remember that humanists view them as _______________, not behaviors
attitudes
__________ takes place when a therapist responds to a client by rephrasing or restating the client’s statements in a way that highlights the client’s feelings or emotions. It is not a mere parroting of the client’s words to show that they have been heard but a comment by the therapist that shows the therapist’s appreciation of the client’s emotional experience
Reflection
Historical Alternatives to Humanism
- Existential psychotherapy
- Gestalt therapy
It is an approach to therapy originally developed by Rollo May, Victor Frankl, and Irvin Yalom. It centers on the premise that each person is essentially alone in the world and that realization of this fact can overwhelm us with anxiety.
Existential psychotherapy
Existential theory holds that other inevitabilities of human life, especially _________, contribute to a powerful sense of meaninglessness in many people
death
This therapy works well for clients who are physically ill or concerned with the meaning of life
Existential therapy
It was founded by Fritz Perls, and it emphasizes a holistic approach to enhancing the client’s experience
Gestalt therapy
Gestalt therapists encourage clients to reach their full potential, often through the use of ______________________.
role-play techniques
It was originally developed to treat addictive behaviors such as substance abuse, but it has been used with a wide range of client problems. It centers on addressing clients’ ambivalence or uncertainty about making major changes to their way of life. Whereas many therapists might label such ambivalence as resistance, denial, or a lack of motivation, therapists acknowledge that it is a normal challenge for anyone facing the difficult decision of continuing with an unhealthy familiar lifestyle or committing to live in a more healthy but unfamiliar way.
Motivational Interviewing
Taking the clients’ points of view and honoring their feelings about their experiences are vital to MI.
Expressing empathy
MI therapists highlight how a client’s behavior is inconsistent with his or her goals or values. This enhances the client’s self-motivation to change and puts him or her (rather than the therapist) in the position to argue for a new way of living.
Developing the discrepancy
