Humanities Exam 2 Flashcards
(35 cards)
When did the Industrial Revolution begin and where did it originate?
The Industrial Revolution began in the late 18th century and originated in Britain.
What is London’s nickname during the Industrial Revolution?
“The Workshop of the World.”
What was the primary focus of early factories during the Industrial Revolution?
Textile production.
Who invented the steam engine and why was it important?
James Watt; it was crucial for powering machinery, improving transportation, and increasing industrial efficiency.
What does Max Weber’s thesis on the Protestant work ethic argue?
Protestant values of hard work and discipline contributed to economic success and industrial growth.
What were the 1848 Revolutions?
A series of political upheavals across Europe, leading to demands for democracy and workers’ rights.
What did Marx view religion as?
The “opium of the people.”
Define the terms ‘proletariat’ and ‘bourgeoisie’.
Proletariat refers to the working class; bourgeoisie refers to the capital-owning class.
What did Communists seek to abolish?
Private property and inheritance to create economic equality.
What was the Crystal Palace and when was it built?
A massive glass and iron structure built for the Great Exhibition of 1851 in London.
What did the Crystal Palace symbolize?
Industrial progress and British dominance.
Who was the reigning monarch during the Industrial Revolution?
Queen Victoria.
Who was Queen Victoria’s husband?
Prince Albert.
List the order of art forms from Baroque to Realism.
- Baroque
- Rococo
- Neoclassicism
- Romanticism
- Realism
What did Romanticism emphasize?
Emotion, nature, and individualism.
What did Realists reject about Romanticism?
Its focus on emotion over objective reality.
What characterizes Neo-Gothic architecture?
Inspired by medieval Gothic structures, featuring pointed arches and ornate details.
What characterizes Neo-Classical architecture?
Influenced by ancient Greek and Roman architecture, characterized by symmetry and simplicity.
What does Realism focus on?
Depicting everyday life and social realities without romantic embellishment.
What is considered the first science fiction novel?
Frankenstein by Mary Shelley.
What does Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s ‘The Confessions’ detail?
His belief in the natural goodness of humanity and his distrust of societal corruption.
Why was Henry David Thoreau arrested?
For refusing to pay a poll tax in protest of slavery and the Mexican-American War.
What is the title of Thoreau’s famous book that emphasizes self-sufficiency?
Walden.
Who did Thoreau influence with his ideas on nonviolent resistance?
- Mahatma Gandhi
- Martin Luther King Jr.
