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Fun Cactus Study Club > Humanities: Mythology > Flashcards

Humanities: Mythology Flashcards

1
Q

Egyptian Mythology

A
  • Ra (Sun)
  • Osiris (Underworld)
  • Isis (Life)
  • Horus (Sky)
  • Anubis (Death)
  • Hathor (Fertility)
  • Thoth (Knowledge)
  • Set (Desert, Chaos)
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2
Q

Identify the domain and appearance:

Ra

Egyptian Mythology

A
  • Domain: God of the Sun and Creation
  • Physical Description: Often depicted as a man with the head of a hawk, crowned with a sun disk encircled by a cobra.
  • Additional Information: Ra travels through the underworld at night and is reborn each morning.
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3
Q

Domain, appearance, related to:

Osiris

Egyptian Mythology

A
  • Domain: God of the Dead and Afterlife
  • Physical Description: Depicted as a mummified king, holding a crook and flail.
  • Additional Information: Osiris is a central figure in the myth of Isis and Osiris, symbolizing death and resurrection.
  • Related to: Brother and husband of Isis, father of Horus, brother of Set and Nephthys.
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4
Q

Isis

Egyptian Mythology

A
  • Domain: Goddess of Life, Motherhood, and Fertility
  • Physical Description: Often shown with wings, carrying an ankh, sometimes nursing her son Horus.
  • Additional Information: Isis tricked and poisoned Ra into giving her his power over life and death making her the most powerful of the Egyptian pantheon.
  • Related To: Isis is the wife of Osiris and mother to Horus.
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5
Q

Domain and appearance:

Hathor

Egyptian Mythology

A
  • Domain: Goddess of Love, Music, and Motherhood
  • Physical Description: Often depicted as a cow, a woman with cow’s ears, or wearing a headdress of horns and a sun disk.

(My notes say “cow god”, so let’s leave it at that.)

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6
Q

Domain, appearance, additional info, related to:

Anubis

Egyptian Mythology

A
  • Domain: God of Death and The Underworld
  • Physical Description: Depicted with the head of a jackal or as a jackal, often overseeing embalming ceremonies.
  • Additional Information: Anubis is the guardian of entrance to the underworld, tombs, and secrets, but had no temples dedicated to him. Associated with mummification and the weighing of the heart in the afterlife.
  • Related to: Son of Osiris
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7
Q

Bastet

A
  • Domain: Goddess of Cats and Protection
  • Physical Description: Depicted as a lioness or as a woman with the head of a lioness or domestic cat.
  • Additional Information: Bastet is known to protect the home from evil spirits and disease, particularly diseases associated with women and children.
  • Related to: Daughter of Ra, sometimes considered the opposite of Sekhmet, Goddess of War.
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8
Q

Khonsu

A
  • Domain: God of the Moon and Time
  • Physical Description: Often depicted as a young man with the lunar disk above his head.
  • Additional Information: His name means ‘traveller’, and this may relate to the perceived nightly travel of the Moon across the sky.
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9
Q

Set

A
  • Domain: The Trickster God of Lightning, Storms, and Chaos.
  • Physical Description: Portrayed with a unique animal head with a squared-off snout, long, rectangular ears, and a forked tail.
  • Additional Information: Set is associated with upheaval, disorder, and is the antagonist in the story of Osiris and Isis.
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10
Q

Thoth

A
  • Domain: God of Knowledge and Writing
  • Physical Description: Often depicted as a man with the head of an ibis, holding a writing palette and reed pen.
  • Additional Information: Thoth is credited with the invention of writing and is the scribe of the underworld.
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11
Q

Aton

A
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12
Q

Horus

A

Falcon-headed Egyptian sky-god who was protector and patron of the pharaoh

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13
Q

Greek dieties

A

Athena

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14
Q

In Greek legends, these are portals through which the gods spoke directly to people

A

Oracle

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15
Q

The Judgement of Paris

A

Prince Paris is asked by Zeus to judge which of Hera, Aphrodite, and (Pallas) Athena is the fairest

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16
Q

“Home of the Gods”

Greek

A

Mt. Olympus

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17
Q

Prometheus

A

bound by Zeus and whose name is used in
a play by Aeschylus.

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18
Q

Months named after Roman gods

A

January (Janus)
March (Mars)
April (Aphrodite)
May (Maia)
June (Juno)

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19
Q

Zeus

A
  • disguised as a swan, visited Leda
  • god of the sky, lightning / thunder
  • Consort of Hera / Juno
  • Father of demigod Heracles and Venus

Roman: Jupiter

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20
Q

Thetis

A

son is demigod Achilles

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21
Q

Helios

A

statue as The Colossus of Rhodes

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22
Q

Daphne

A

the water nymph pursued by Apollo who was turned into a laurel tree by her father
Peneus, the river god.

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23
Q

Gaia

A

primordial

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24
Q

Chronus

A

Greek primordial god of time

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25
Q

Athena

A
  • The Parthenon is an example of classical Greek architecture that was dedicated to the goddess Athena and that is located in the city named in her honor
  • Gave a polished shield of brass to Perseus to use as a mirror to defeat medusa
  • Gave the gift of the olive tree to the city of Athens
  • owl

Roman: Minerva

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26
Q

Nike

A

goddess of victory and daughter of Titans
statue called “winged victory of samothrace”

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27
Q

Maia

A

fertility and spring

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28
Q

Poseidon

A

god of the sea
father of demigod child theseus

Neptune

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29
Q

Hades

A

god of the underworld

Pluto

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30
Q

Hera

A

god(ess?) of marriage
Consort with Zeus / Jupiter
peacock

Juno

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31
Q

Eros

A
  • Instigator of affection is often this god of desire, who shoots arrows as a tangible cause of the “ordeal of love”
  • Son of Venus and Mars

Cupid

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32
Q

Ares

A

god of war
father of demigod Romulus and Remus (founders of Rome)

Mars

Olympian

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33
Q

Hestia

A

Vesta

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34
Q

Demeter

A

the Greek goddess of grain, the harvest, and crops who is responsible for the fertility of Earth, was also the granddaughter of Gaea, and whose daughter is Persephone
cornucopia

Roman: Ceres

Olympian

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35
Q

Persephone

A

Demeter’s Daughter and goddess of grain

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36
Q

Roman: Terminus

A

god who sets limits and protected boundaries

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37
Q

Leto

A

Mother of twin gods Apollo and Artemis

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38
Q

Atropos

A

The Roman goddess, Morta, was associated with the Greek Fate, Atropos. Both were believed to control the moment of a person’s death

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39
Q

Roman: Pax

A

goddess of peace, Roman emperor Augustus built altar Ara Pacis to Pax

40
Q

Roman: Morta

A

The Roman goddess, Morta, was associated with the Greek Fate, Atropos. Both
were believed to control the moment of a person’s death.

41
Q

Roman: Janus

A

Roman god of beginnings, gates, transitions, time, doorways, passages, and endings, usually depicted as having two faces.

42
Q

Roman: Flora

A

Identify the Roman goddess associated with flowers and spring time who is also a
central figure in Botticelli’s La Primavera.

43
Q

The Three Graces

A

Three sisters who are attendants of the goddess Aphrodite and are the personifications of splendor, good cheer, and mirth.

44
Q

The Pantheon

A

Roman temple dedicated to all the gods
The structure located on the Acropolis and dedicated to the goddess Athena that was a
collaboration between the Athenian architects Callicrates and Ictinus.

45
Q

Hesiod

A

the eighth-century BC Greek poet who wrote Theogony, which is an important
source for our knowledge of classical mythology

46
Q

Atlas

A

is a Titan
the father of various constellations including the Pleiades.
bore the vault of heaven upon his shoulders and was relieved briefly by
Hercules so that he could retrieve the golden apples of the Hesperides.

47
Q

Charon

A
48
Q

Uranus

A

Father of Saturn

49
Q

Aphrodite

A

goddess of love
mother of demigod eros, mother of aeneas
golden apple

50
Q

Artemis

A

Twin sister of Apollo
goddess of the hunt
in love with Orion

Roman: Diana

51
Q

Orion

A
52
Q

Numbers

A

Three graces
three fates
Nine muses
12 labors of hercules
12 olympian gods
7 pleiades
3 heads of the hydra
3 heads of cerberus
3 gorgons

53
Q

Hephaestus

A

god of fire, forge, and volcanoes

Roman: Vucan

54
Q

Pan

A

mythological character represented by the “goat-footed balloon man” in e e
cummings’ “in-just spring”.

55
Q

Apollo

A
  • Guided the arrow to Achille’s heel
  • Associated with music and youth
  • demigod offspring is Orpheus
  • the only one of the 12 Olympian gods who was called by the same name by both the
    Greeks and the Romans.
  • the small, round temple located at Delphi dedicated to Apollo
56
Q

Dionysus

A

worship involves consuming large amounts of wine

Roman: Bacchus

57
Q

Pollux

A
58
Q

Hermes

A

Roman: Mercury

59
Q

Hercules

A

wrestling the lion in his first labor

Heracles

60
Q

Jason

A

mythological Greek hero who was given the quest to find the Golden Fleece.

61
Q

Pandora

A

the first woman, whose curiosity led her to open a vessel placed
by Zeus in her husband’s care thus releasing all the world’s cares, woes, and evil.
the woman in Greek mythology who loosed the spirits of old age, famine, sickness, and grief.

62
Q

Orpheus

A

mythological Greek musician and son of Apollo who because of his great love for
his deceased wife, followed her to Hades to ransom her with a song from his lyre.

63
Q

Narcissus

A

the mythological Greek who became obsessed with his own reflection and
whose name is given to a variety of flower.

mythical youth who fell in ldve with his own
reflection and was changed into a flower that bears his name,

64
Q

Icarus

A

flew too close to the sun

65
Q

Amazons

A

fierce women warriors of Greek mythology who only valued their female offspring,

66
Q

Chimaera

A

Fire-breathing Greek monster with the head of a lion, a body of a goat, and the tail of a serpent
has a lion’s head, goat’s body, and a serpent’s tail

67
Q

Medusa

A

Gorgon

68
Q

Hydra

A
69
Q

Pegasus

A

sprang from the severed neck of Medusa

70
Q

Minotaur

A

Bull-dancing or bull leaping, a rite performed on the island of Crete, is believed by many to be
the origin of stories about what mythic monster?

71
Q

Cerberus

A

guardian of the underworld in Greek mythology

72
Q

Furies

A

female spirits of justice and vengeance in Greek mythology

73
Q

Hero

A

mythical Greek priestess loved by Leander

74
Q

Terminology

A
  • Epiphany: term used to describe the experience of a god revealing his presence or manifesting his power to mortals and to describe the “twelfth day” of Christmas.
75
Q

Nemesis

A

daughter of the night who punishes hubris

76
Q

Yggdrasil

A

Identify the giant ash tree in Norse mythology generally considered to mean Odin’s horse that
links and shelters all the worlds

77
Q

Fortified home of the gods

A

Asgard

78
Q

Abode of souls of warriors killed in battle

A

Valhalla

79
Q

Valkryies

A

the immortal women “Choosers of the Slain,” in Norse mythology who carried the souls of dead heroes to .Valhalla.

80
Q

Odin

A

Wednesday (Woden)
Consort with Frigg / Frija

81
Q

Tyr

A

norse war, combat, justice, law
Tuesday namesake

82
Q

Njörd

A

Norse

83
Q

Thor

A

Norse Thursday
thunder and lightning

84
Q

Frija

(Or Frigg, or Frey)

A

Norse Friday
Consort with Odin

85
Q

Vali

A

Norse

86
Q

Loki

A

Norse trickster god of mischief and cunning responsible for the death of Baldur

87
Q

Mabon

A

A Celtic god worshipped in Britain and Gaul who was associated with music and youth

88
Q

Brahma

A

one of the three gods of the hindu trimurti

creator

89
Q

Vishnu

A

one of the three gods of the hindu trimurti

preserver

90
Q

Shiva

A

major god of hinduism

destroyer

91
Q

Kali

A

fearful and ferocious form of the mother goddess in hindu

92
Q

Ganesh

A
93
Q

Mayan: Chaac

A

lightning, thunder, rain

94
Q

Brownie

A

Identify the small, mythological, helpful household spirit from English or Scottish folklore that is also
the name for a level of Girl Scouts created by Lord Baden Powell.

95
Q

This trickster bird created land and stole fire from the gods according to legends from the Pacific Northwest

A

Raven

96
Q

Phrases

A

Match each of the following four mythological phrases to its meaning.
Phrases Meanings
A. Achilles heel 1. a long even tful journey
B. To harp on 2. talk about repeatedly
C. Herculean task 3. something requiring great effort
D. An odyssey 4. a weak spot
Answer: A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1

Match each of the following four idioms derived from mythology to its meaning.
Idioms Meanings
A. a Pandora’s box 1. worrying over an impending disaster
B. Sisyphean task 2. action that only leads to trouble
C. sword of Damocles 3. identifying one’s weakness
D. Achilles heel 4. something laborious and futile
Answer: A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3

Fun Cactus Study Club (13 decks)

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