Hunger notes

Question 1

Latera Area

Answer 1

• start eating
• increases hunger
• lesions to it reduce hunger drive

Question 2

Ventromedial area

Answer 2

• stop eating
• decreases hunger
• lesions cause animal to eat much more than normal and gain weight

Question 3

ghrelin

Answer 3

• hormone secreted by an empty stomach
• triggers feelings of hunger

Question 4

insulin

Answer 4

• hormone secreted by pancreas
• hormone that allows glucose to break down
• as insulin increases, glucose decreases

Question 5

leptin

Answer 5

• released by “bloated” fat cells
• increase in leptin signals brain to STOP eating and increases metabolism

Question 6

Orexin

Answer 6

• hunger-triggering hormone secreted by hypothalamus
• as glucose level drops, orexin increases and makes person feel hungry

Question 7

Neuropeptide Y

Answer 7

start eating hormone released by hypothalamus

Question 8

peptide YY (PYY) and CCK

Answer 8

• stop eating hormone released by intestines as food enters

Question 9

positive energy balance

Answer 9

calorie intake exceeds calories expended for energy
- fat cells increase and expand
- release of leptin and insulin

Question 10

negative energy balance

Answer 10

burning more calories than your taking in
- fat cells will shrink
- insulin levels will lower
- triggers hunger

Question 11

set point

Answer 11

the point at which an individuals long-term weight is set at
- “weight thermostat”

Question 12

obesity BMI

Answer 12

25-29 is normal
30 is obese

Question 13

leptin resistance

Answer 13

condition where higher than normal levels of leptin do not produce desired physiological response (body ignores the high leptin levels)