Hus A test The French Revolution Flashcards
(17 cards)
When did the french revolution start?
1789 (the storming of bastille)
What were the causes of the french revolution?
- France absolute monarchy
- The enlightenment
- Social divisions in France
- High taxes
- Poor harvests
- The impact if the American Revolution
- France bankrupt
- The estates-general
- France absolute monarchy
- France ruled by Louis XVI
- He had control over whole country (absolute monarch)
- believed he was given rights by God
- Married to Marie Antoinette
- The Enlightenment
- Believed science and logic gave more knowledge than tradition and faith
- Questioned authority of king
- Social divisions in France
- Three estates or social groups in France
-The first estate, clergy (priests and bishops), 0.5% of population, don’t pay taxes, collected tithes and rents
-The second estate, nobility (wealthy landowners who controlled the government and the army), 1.5% of population, did not pay taxes
-The third estate, the common people, 98% of population, paid taxes
- High taxes
- Tithe, 10% of crops or earnings wen to Catholic church
- Gabelle, tax on salt
- Corvee, members of third estate had to work for free repairing roads
- cost of living increased, people were poorer
- third estate disliked paying such high taxes
- Poor harvests
- Bad harvests in 1787 and 1788
- shortage of what needed for bread
- Price of bread rose
1788-peasants spent around 50% of income on bread
1789-peasants spent around 80% of income on bread
- Impact of the American Revolution
- France provided money, troops, naval support and military leadership
- Many french inspired by victory of Americans over British
- France bankrupt
- cost of helping American Revolution
- France nearly bankrupt
- Louis XVI wanted to raise taxes to pay off debt
- The Estates General
- A meeting of representatives of the three estates
- Had to vote on kings tax proposals
- Dispute over how they would vote
- All were woth 1 vote even though the third estate had the highest population of votes
The tennis court oath
- Third estate formed as National Assembly
- Took tennis Court Oath
- Not to break up National Assembly until France had a written constitution
- King forced First and Second Estate to join the Third estate
- France now had a National Constitution Assembly-a parliament
The storming of the Bastille
- National guard formed-armed ordinary citizens of Paris
- Feared king would use force against revolutionaries
- Mob attacked bastille prison looking for arms
- Sans culottes(without knee breeches)-working class supporters of Revolution
- First major act of violence of the Revolution
-summer 1789
The declaration of the rights of man and of the citizen
- Feudalism system abolished
- Declaration of the rights of man and of the citizen passed
-men are all equal
-freedom of religion
-innocent until proven guilty
The women’s March on versailles
-Bread shortages in Paris
-women marched to palace of versaillea
-met national assembly and the king
-king escorted to Paris
-5 cotober 1789
French revolution slogan
Liberte, Egalite et Fraternite
Flight to Varennes
-June 20/21 1791
-Louis XVI and the royal family try to escape to Austria
-caught at the town of varennes
-returned to Paris
-people more suspicious of the king
-Kings powers limited
Execution of Louis XVI 21 January 1793
-new parliament
-France declared a Republic
-1000 people declared enemies of the revolution executed in September massacre
-Louis put on trial for treason
-gound guilty and executed by guillotine
