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Hawaii: Center of the Pacific > HWST107 Study Guide Units 6-7 > Flashcards

HWST107 Study Guide Units 6-7 Flashcards

1
Q

Prior to 1778

A

Hawaiian genealogies extend back 2,000 years

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2
Q

Prior to 1778

A

Spanish arrive in Hawaiʻi

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3
Q

1778

A

Population 1,000,000

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4
Q

1778

A

Captain Cook lands at Waimea, Kauaʻi

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5
Q

1778

A

Introduction of STD’s to HawaiʻI - Gonorrhea, syphilis and tuberculosis by 1816 Russian ships note advanced cases of STD’s affecting Hawaiians

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6
Q

1804

A

Bubonic Plague

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7
Q

1810

A

Kamehameha unites the Hawaiian Archipelago under his rule

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8
Q

1819

A

Kamehameha dies his son Liholiho becomes Mōʻī

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9
Q

1819

A

Kapu system abolished one month after Liholiho becomes king

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10
Q

1824

A

Liholiho dies five years after being king of measles in London

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11
Q

1824

A

Kauikeaouli becomes Mōʻī at age 11, with Kaʻahumanu as regent

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12
Q

1820

A

First American missionaries arrive in Hawaiʻi

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13
Q

1823

A

Missionary estimate population at 150,000

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14
Q

1826

A

Influenza

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15
Q

1832

A

Whooping Cough

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16
Q

1834

A

Approximately 92 percent of Hawaiian adults are literate

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17
Q

1839

A

The French Captain Laplace threatens to bombard Hawaiʻi unless they pay him $20,000, place France on most favored status, allowed Catholic priest into Hawaiʻi, and no duty on French wines and brandy

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18
Q

1840

A

Hawaiʻi considered a Christian nation and the ABCFM begins to withdraw financial support of its missionaries in Hawaiʻi

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19
Q

1840

A

Leprosy

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20
Q

1842

A

United States recognizes the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi

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21
Q

1843

A

Lord George Paulet demands $100,000 for alleged insults to British subjects then seizes Hawaiʻi for England not withstanding a 1836 treaty with England. Six months later England sends Admiral Thomas to reinstate the lawful Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. England and France recognize Hawaiʻi as an independent nation

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22
Q

1848

A

Measles, Whooping Cough & Influenza

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23
Q

1848

A

Population 88,000

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24
Q

1849

A

The French Admiral Louis Tremain arrived in Honolulu making more demands on the King and lands French troops taking possession of the Fort of Honolulu and then destroyed coastal cannons and other weapons

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25
Q

1853

A

population 80,000

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26
Q

1854

A

Kauikeaouli dies and is succeeded by Alexander Liholiho Kamehameha IV

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27
Q

1863

A

Liholiho dies and Lot Kapuaiwa, Kamehameha V, becomes Mōʻī

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28
Q

1865

A

The Hansen’s disease colony is established on Kalaupapa

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29
Q

1872

A

Lot Kapuaiwa, Kamehameha V dies without naming an heir William Lunalilo is elected King

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30
Q

1874

A

population 51,000

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31
Q

February 1874

A

Lunalilo dies and David Kalākaua backed by American business men is elected. People riot over the election results

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32
Q

February 1874

A

Kalākaua’s first act as king was to support the reciprocity treaty allowing sugar into U.S. without import tax in return for use of Pearl Harbor

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33
Q

1882

A

ʻIolani Palace completed. It had electricity and telephone even before the White House or Buckingham Palace

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34
Q

1887

A

“Bayonet Constitution” forced on King Kalākaua by all white Hawaiian League, stripping the power of the sovereign and Kanaka Maoli (natives) of their land rights

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35
Q

1888

A

Whooping Cough

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36
Q

1889

A

Robert Wilcox rebellion fails to overturn Bayonet Constitution

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37
Q

1890

A

Diptheria

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38
Q

1890

A

55,000 Asian laborers imported to Hawaiʻi by sugar planters

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39
Q

1891

A

King Kalākaua dies in San Francisco; Lydia Kamakaʻeha becomes Queen Liliʻuokalani

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40
Q

1893

A

Queen Liliʻuokalani is deposed by a conspiracy of American businessmen with support of United States armed forces

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41
Q

1893

A

President Cleveland sends a message to Congress calling for the restoration of Queen Liliʻuokalani as sovereign after a 6 month investigation by Senator James Blount

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42
Q

1893

A

population 40,000

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43
Q

4 July 1984

A

The Provisional Government changes their name to the Republic of Hawaiʻi. They do not allow Hawaiians to vote without swearing an oath to their new regime.

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44
Q

January 1895

A

Unsucessful attempt by Royalists led by Wilcox to restore the Queen Liliʻuokalani. She is then tried for treason and imprisoned in the ʻIolani Palace for 6 months

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45
Q

1896

A

Hawaiian language banned from private and public schools

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46
Q

6 December 1897

A

Representatives carry 38,000 signatures in a petition against the annexaction treaty to Washington

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47
Q

15 January 1898

A

The explosion sinks the USS Maine in Havana Harbor, Cuba

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48
Q

February 1898

A

Annexation treaty is defeated in the U.S. Senate. 46 to 58.

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49
Q

20 April 1898

A

US declares war on Spain (the Spanish-American war)

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50
Q

7 July 1898

A

President McKinley signs illegal resolution to annex Hawaiʻi

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51
Q

30 April 1900

A

Hawaiʻi becomes territory of the United States through the Organic Act imposed on Hawaiʻi.

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52
Q

“Models” of the Akaka Bill (Self-Determination)

A

1) establish an office within the US Department of the Interior to focus on native Hawaiian issues and serve as a liaison agency between native Hawaiians and the federal government (operate as a state within a state) 2) secession from the United States 3) achieve independent status under international law

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53
Q

“Moose” Lui (Hawaiian Movement)

A

honorary mayor of Kalama Valley & his wife had their names on Hawaiian Homes trust land list in 1952

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54
Q

“Soli” Niheu (Hawaiian Movement)

A

formed Kokua Kalama Committee (KKC) in 1970

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55
Q

Abigail Kuaihelani Campbell (1897 Petitions…)

A

President of Hui Aloha ʻĀina for Women; went with Emma Aima Nawahī to Hilo on the Kinau to collect signatures

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56
Q

Admiral Richard Thomas (Synopsis)

A

brought instructions from London to restore sovereignty of Hawaiian people after George Paulet took over the kingdom

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57
Q

Akaka Bills (Self-Determination)

A

passage of either bill would lay the foundation for a nation-within-a-nation model of self-goverance; domestic-dependent nation; they are about recognition of the nation’s first people and to encourage the perpetuation of their culture & traditions

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58
Q

Ala Wai Canal (Taking Waikiki)

A

built in 1922-1927; 3 miles long & 25 feet deep & 250 feet wide; bid was awarded to Dillingham’s Dredging company; he was allowed to sell the extra filler material he dredged up

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59
Q

Albert Akana (Broken Promise)

A

Department of Hawaiian Home Lands agency project manager on the Big Island was jumped past more than 100 people on the list in 1965 to get a 300 acre ranch; picked as a “role model” rancher to other Hawaiians

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60
Q

Baltazar Kitalong (Belau)

A

leading member of “Khalreng” a movement that campaigned strongly against proposed military bases in Belau was murdered on 22 Sep 1981

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61
Q

Belau

A

nation in debt for 16 megawatt power plant built for $32 million; 1st mini revolution on 8 Sep 1981; 2nd mini revolution in early July 1987

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62
Q

Belau constitution

A

1979 Constitution made the country the world’s first nuclear free country; people voted 10 times about issue of a nuclear free Constitution; 19 July 1987 constitution allowed nuclear weapons

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63
Q

Benjamin Franklin Dillingham (Taking Waikiki)

A

owned Pacific Hardware Company to sell products to sugar plantations; founded Oahu Railway & Land Company; known as “Mr. Hawaii”; assumed control of a dredging company & needed contracts from the military for dredging work so he did a lot of entertaining of generals & other military; led the Civic Sanitation Committee & when there was an outbreak of yellow fever his company was the only one available to conduct the massive operation of ridding the city of mosquitos; combined his railroad & dredging company into Dilco

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64
Q

CANZUS group (UN)

A

Canada, New Zealand, & United States were all politically opposed to the Declaration

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65
Q

Captain Cook (An Act of War)

A

arrived in Hawaiʻi in 1778 with ships Resolution & Discovery. His men brought diseases to the Hawaiian people

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66
Q

Captain G. Wiltse (An Act of War & Synopsis)

A

US Naval commander of the U.S.S. Boston that was ordered to land in Honolulu to aid in “protection of American life and property” on 16 January 1893

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67
Q

Captain Laplace (Synopsis)

A

French captain that threatened war in 1839 unless $20,000 bond paid and France given most favored nation status; France was upset over the French Catholic priests being expelled from the islands & the high duty that was placed upon French wines & brandy; American businessmen paid the $20,000 on behalf of the bankrupt Hawaiian government

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68
Q

Captain Thomas ap Catesby-Jones (Synopsis)

A

commanded the US warship The Peacock and demanded most favored nation status & US citizens would be protected from enemies while residing in Hawaii – treaty signed

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69
Q

Charles B. Wilson (An Act of War & Synopsis)

A

marshal of the Hawaiian kingdom; heard of the coup & proposed that 13 leaders of the Committee of Safety be arrested for treason - warrants weren’t approved because of their strong alliance with John L. Stevens; provided aid to the Queen in trying to stop the overthrow along with Samuel Nowlein (the captain of the Royal Household Guard)

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70
Q

Charles McCarthy (Taking Waikiki)

A

governor in 1918-1921 who had close ties to Dillingham

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71
Q

Charles Reed Bishop (Synopsis)

A

the first banker of the kingdom; convinced Kamehameha III that private land ownership would enhance prosperity & protection of sovereignty; sugar plantation business partner with William Little Lee; invited General Schofield to see Pearl Harbor for military use in exchange for no US import tax on sugar

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72
Q

Constitution of the Republic of Hawaii (Taking Waikiki)

A

modeled after Louisiana’s constitution; must swear allegiance to Republic; have $200 of land; be able to explain the constitution & be literate in English; Chinese & Japanese were excluded

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73
Q

Cooper (An Act of War)

A

read the proposition

74
Q

Dana & Linton Park (Hawaiian Movement)

A

he said “Hawaiian history was being made” by the act of resistance of bulldozing of houses in rural Kalama Valley on 11 May 1971; both resisted bulldozers in Kalama Valley

75
Q

Daniel Inouye (Broken Promise)

A

US Senator who told Mr. Henry Afong to “You just hang on, Mr. Afong” who had been on the Hawaiian Homes wait list since 1952

76
Q

Daniel Manaku (Broken Promise)

A

a squatter in Anahola, a beach on Kauaʻi, was on the waiting list for land but said “It’s a hit list, that’s what it is to me. They put you on the list and they let you die.”

77
Q

David Kalauokalani (1897 Petitions…)

A

President of Hui Kālaiʻāina; sent along with 3 other delegates selected from all 3 groups to Washington (James Kaulia - President of Hui Aloha ʻĀina, John Richardson, and William Auld as secretary) - called national delegates “ʻElele Lāhui”; elected as President of Home Rule Party when Hui Aloha ʻĀina & Hui Kālaiʻāina banded together in 1900.

78
Q

Dr. Gerrit P. Judd (Synopsis)

A

missionary & physician that was a trusted advisor - Minister of Finance & de facto Minister of the Interior – paid off 1826 national debt in 1845; invested in sugar plantations; argued for private land ownership after French & British attempted takeovers –said foreign governments could not seize the land if it was privately owned

79
Q

Economic, Political, & Social Structures in PreContact Hawaii (Collision)

A

subsistence economy (without a market & without a need for surplus production); spent a good deal of time pursuing sporting, cultural, & artistic activities;

80
Q

Emma Aima Nawahī (1897 Petitions…)

A

Member of Hui Aloha ʻĀina for Women; went with Abigail Kuaihelani Campbell to Hilo on the Kinau to collect signatures

81
Q

England’s Cultural Integration & Social Change (Collision)

A

Christianity which held a linear view of time proceeding from a specific beginning of an imminent and apocalyptic end; and had subdivisions between God, men, and land

82
Q

England’s Economics (Collision)

A

capitalism which places the means of production in the hands of individuals and firms; no one had a right to expect food, clothing, shelter, or medical care; individual survival was based upon personal explotation of others rather than communal sharing with them

83
Q

England’s Leadership & Social Organization (Collision)

A

a king & parliamentary system; political & secular leadership; power was simply to be seized by those most wiling and fit to make the effort

84
Q

Enoch Johnson (1897 Petitions…)

A

went with Simon Peter Kanoa to Maui on the Claudine to get signatures

85
Q

Francis Hatch (1897 Petitions…)

A

met with President William McKinley in Washington as an annexationist along with Lorrin Thurston and William Kinney

86
Q

General Schofield (An Act of War)

A

Surveyed Pearl Harbor for use for the US Navy in exchange for no US import tax on sugar upon the invitation of Charles Bishop

87
Q

George Paulet (Synopsis)

A

threatened war with Britain in 1843 because a British Consul said that his land was stolen (even though it was conditional leased not owned); he asked for $100,000 for the alleged insults to their British citizens; took over the kingdom until Admiral Richard Thomas brought instructions from London to restore sovereignty of Hawaiian people

88
Q

George Santos (Hawaiian Movement)

A

Kalama Valley resident & pig farmer who was evicted by the Trustees of the Bishop Estate. He promised, “They’re not going to push me around no more.”

89
Q

Harvey Tajiri (Broken Promise)

A

state legislator who operates his campaign headquarters and auto body shop on homelands & has subletted land for 6 times what he pays for it

90
Q

Hawaiʻi Resistance (Hawaiian Movement)

A

anti-war group born after March 1968 Martin Luther King slaying

91
Q

Hawaiian Homes Commission Act

A

passed in 1921 and 200,000 acres set aside to lease residential, farm, and pastoral lots for $1/year to any Hawaiian with at least 50% native ancestry

92
Q

Hawaiian Movement

A

Rallying cry in 1970s – “land for local people, not tourists”; rallying cry in 1980s turned into Hawaiian language term “Aloha ʻĀina (love of the land)

93
Q

Henry Afong (Broken Promise)

A

91 year old native Hawaiian who was told by Senator Daniel Inouye to “just hang on” because he had been on the Hawaiian Homes waiting list since 1952

94
Q

Herb Takahashi (Hawaiian Movement)

A

member of Kaimuki Collective (maoist group of local people of color that was dedicated to hammering out revolutionary thought)

95
Q

Hiram Bingham (Synopsis)

A

leader of Calvinist missionaries that arrived in 1820

96
Q

Hoaliku Drake (Broken Promise)

A

Department of Hawaiian Home Lands director

97
Q

Hui Aloha ʻĀina for Men (1897 Petitions…)

A

founded after the 1893 overthrow to support Queen and to oppose US annexation; passed around petition held mass meeting at Palace Square on 6 September 1897; sent 4 delegates selected from all 3 groups to Washington (James Kaulia - Hui AlohaʻĀina President, David Kalauokalani - Hui Kālaiʻāina President, John Richardson, and William Auld as secretary) - called national delegates “ʻElele Lāhui”; worked for civil and political rights for Hawaiian citizens in the US territorial system

98
Q

Hui Aloha ʻĀina for Women (1897 Petitions…)

A

founded after the 1893 overthrow to support Queen and to oppose US annexation; passed around petition; held mass meeting at Palace Square on 6 September 1897; worked for civil and political rights for Hawaiian citizens in the US territorial system

99
Q

Hui Kālaiʻāina (1897 Petitions…)

A

formed after the 1887 Bayonet Constitution; passed around petition & collected 17,000 signatures; tried to undo annexation & restore native government

100
Q

Indigenous societies’ Cultural Integration & Social Change (Collision)

A

behavor is organized around ideas of what is “right” (rather than “useful” or “necessary” or “expedient”; a system of equilibrium; natural world & spiritual world & human world are equally real & protected from casual exploitation

101
Q

Indigenous societies’ Economics (Collision)

A

“communal”; material means deemed essential to the survival of the individual or group are either actively held in common; money is an abstract intrinsically valueless medium

102
Q

Indigenous societies’ Leadership & Social Organization (Collision)

A

leaders seen as caretakers more than ultimate & unshakable authorities; kinship network

103
Q

J. Atherton Richards (Broken Promise)

A

former trustee of Bishop Estates had 9,370 acre ranch on homelands

104
Q

J.O. Carter (1897 Petitions…)

A

friend to Queen Liliʻuokalani in Washington

105
Q

James Blount (An Act of War)

A

senator who was sent to Honolulu by President Grover Cleveland to investigate the overthrow; took down American flag from the government building upon his arrival

106
Q

James Kaulia (1897 Petitions…)

A

President of Hui Aloha ʻĀina for Men; sent along with 3 other delegates selected from all 3 groups to Washington (David Kalauokalani - Hui Kālaiʻāina President, John Richardson, and William Auld as secretary) - called national delegates “ʻElele Lāhui”; elected as Vice-President of Home Rule Party when Hui Aloha ʻĀina & Hui Kālaiʻāina banded together in 1900.

107
Q

John C. Jones (Synopsis)

A

US Consul that sent for warships in 1826 to enforce the debt repayment of the Aliʻi

108
Q

John Leavitt Stevens (An Act of War)

A

US Department of State minister to Hawaii; was a spy reporting to Washington and coached the conspiracy to overthrow the Queen; was sent a note from the Committee of Safety on 16 January 1893 asking for aid & protection of the US forces

109
Q

John Richardson (1897 Petitions…)

A

sent along with 3 other delegates selected from all 3 groups to Washington (James Kaulia - Hui Aloha ʻĀina President, David Kalauokalani - Hui Kālaiʻāina President, and William Auld as secretary) - called national delegates “ʻElele Lāhui”; stayed on in Washington to work with the Queen, her secretary Joseph Heleluhe, and her friend J.O. Carter

110
Q

John Rowe (Broken Promise)

A

Department of Hawaiian Home Lands agency’s deputy director

111
Q

John Sherman (1897 Petitions…)

A

Secretary of State; met with delegates and Kalauokalani submitted the memorial protesting annexation on 10 Dec 1897

112
Q

John Witeck (Hawaiian Movement)

A

young creative Catholic activists who headed Youth Action & he went to Kalama Valley to stop the bulldozers

113
Q

Joseph Heleluhe (1897 Petitions…)

A

secretary to Queen Liliʻuokalani in Washington

114
Q

Kaikioewa Ulukou (1897 Petitions…)

A

went to Kauaʻi for signatures; collected 2,375

115
Q

Kalama Valley (Hawaiian Movement)

A

150 families leased land from Bishop Estates; pig & vegetable farmers, construction workers – all were working class & described their community as Hawaiian and local

116
Q

Kalani Ohelo (Hawaiian Movement)

A

formed Kokua Kalama Committee (KKC) in 1970; took up residence in the Kalama Valley to support the tenants and witnessed the first eviction; sent as a delegate to Black Panther convention in Washington D.C.

117
Q

Kanaka Maoli (1897 Petitions…)

A

Native Hawaiians formed coalitions to oppose annexation

118
Q

Kehau Lee (Hawaiian Movement)

A

member of Kaimuki Collective (maoist group of local people of color that was dedicated to hammering out revolutionary thought); belonged to Concerned Locals for Peace

119
Q

King David Kalākaua (An Act of War)

A

elected in 1874 supported by American businessmen beat Queen Emma in the election & the people rioted - US troops landed to stop the riot; went to Washington to get reciprocity signed; nicknamed the Merrie Monarch; built the ʻIolani palace & revived hula; named his sister Lydia Kamakaʻeha Dominis to be his successor in 1877; he also told the world that Hawaiʻi was a force to be reckoned with; forced to accept new Cabinet Council & then to sign a new constituion in 1887 (“Bayonet Constitution”) which allowed foreign nationals to have voting rights & decreased the executive authority of the king; died in San Francisco in 1891

120
Q

King Kamehameha I (Synopsis)

A

united Hawaiian Islands in 1810; died in 1819

121
Q

King Kamehameha II, Liholiho (Synopsis)

A

came to throne upon father’s death in 1819; November 1819 ended the kapu system; died in 1824

122
Q

King Kamehameha III, Kauikeaouli (Synopsis)

A

became king in 1824 upon the death of his brother; Kaʻahumanu as his coregent until 1832; He was the transitional period, from Hawai‘i being an absolute monarchy to Hawai‘i becoming a constitutional monarchy.

123
Q

King Kamehameha IV, Alexander Lihiliho ʻIolani (Synopsis)

A

came to the throne in 1854; cancelled annexation negotiations; promoted ties with Britain; traveled through Europe; had Queen’s hosital built; ignored missionary advice so they began to train their own children to take over the government; did not have a named successor

124
Q

King Kamehameha V, Lot Kapuaiwa (Synopsis)

A

came to the throne in 1863; enacted a constitution in 1864 that took away the power of future monarchs to enact a new constitution without legislative approval; passed away in 1872 with no named successor

125
Q

King William Charles Lunalilo

A

elected as Monarch in 1873 upon the death of Kamehameha V

126
Q

Kōkua Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian Movement)

A

slogan of the group was “huli”

127
Q

Larry Jones (Hawaiian Movement)

A

journalist & minster who was a Youth Action member who would later become a radical spokesma for welfare rights causes

128
Q

Lary Kamakawiwoʻole (Hawaiian Movement)

A

Hawaiian Religion instructor at the University; Youth Action member; led Kalama Valley support committee; formed Kokua Kalama Committee (KKC) in 1970

129
Q

Laura Mahelona (1897 Petitions…)

A

worked for signatures on Kona & Kaʻū; gathered 4,216 signatures; was so well received with leis that her clothes couldn’t be seen because she was so covered in leis

130
Q

Lieutenant Percival (Synopsis)

A

commanded the US warship The Dolphin and demanded that the Hawaiian government guarantee Aliʻi debt (1st national debt)

131
Q

Lori & Wayne Hayashi (Hawaiian Movement)

A

member of Kaimuki Collective (maoist group of local people of color that was dedicated to hammering out revolutionary thought); she was a anti-war activist and organizer & went to Kalama Valley to stop bulldozers

132
Q

Lorrin Thurston (1897 Petitions…) & (Synopsis)

A

wrote the “Bayonet Constitution” in 1887; grandson of American missionaries; led the Committee of Safety, which planned to make Hawaii a territory of the US. In 1893 this committee was supported by the US military to overthrow the Hawaiian kingdom and institute a Provisional Government controlled by his committee; met with President William McKinley in Washington as an annexationist along with Francis Hatch and William Kinney

133
Q

Lt. Lucien Young (An Act of War)

A

marched 152 troops & 11 officers up to the front of Palace

134
Q

Lucias Pinkham (Taking Waikiki)

A

supervised coal for the Oahu Railway & Land Company; worked as manager & cashier for Dillingham’s company; appointed President of the Board of Health in 1904-1906; declares changes to Waikiki necessary according to Waikiki Reclamation Report which would change it into an upscale residential neighborhood; governor from 1913-1918

135
Q

Mayor Cravalho (Broken Promise)

A

got 15,000 acres on Maui for $1.60/acre

136
Q

Michael, Daniel, & James Leahy

A

3 brothers that explored the interior of Papa New Guinea in 1930; Mick was the leader

137
Q

Moanikeala Akaka (Hawaiian Movement)

A

one of the most radical Hawaiian nationalists; met with the Black Panther leaders; held Kōkua Hawaii march rally at state capital in 1971 where they wore black berets to symbolize solidarity with Panthers and other militant 3rd world struggles

138
Q

Nambia & Botswana (UN)

A

emphasized that the Declaration would cause an insurrection & division because terms “indigenous peoples” and “self-determination” were not defined

139
Q

Noel Kent (Hawaiian Movement)

A

SDS (Students for a Democratic Society) member & Kalama Valley supporter wrote a letter to Kōkua Hawaiʻi after haoles were asked to leave the Valley and be less visible in the resistance

140
Q

Non-native lessees of HHCA land

A

obtained land rights illegally; 1965 state law allowed them to lease the land, but was not actually legal until Congress approved federal statute amendment in 1986

141
Q

Papa New Guinea

A

one of the last nations to be colonized; in 1920s Australia occupied the fringe area of the island; 1926 gold discovered 40 miles inland

142
Q

Pete Thompson (Hawaiian Movement)

A

formed Kokua Kalama Committee (KKC) in 1970; member of Kaimuki Collective (maoist group of local people of color that was dedicated to hammering out revolutionary thought)

143
Q

President Bill Clinton (An Act of War)

A

acknowledged illegal overthrow and gave a formal apology in 1993

144
Q

President Grover Cleveland (An Act of War)

A

inaugurated 4 Mar 1893 and 5 days later had treaty withdrawn from the Senate & sent Senator James Blount to Honolulu on 29 March to conduct an investigation; concluded from the report that the overthrow was wrong

145
Q

President Haruo Remeliik (Belau)

A

1st President of Belau (2 Mar 1981 - 30 Jun 1985) & father of the Belau constitution; 1st Pacific islands leader to be assassinated (CIA alleged to be involved)

146
Q

President Salii (Belau)

A

committed “suicide” on 20 Aug 1987

147
Q

President Tyler (An Act of War)

A

Tyler Doctrine - told Europe that Hawaiʻi isn’t yours. It was his version of the Monroe Doctrine but for the Pacific

148
Q

President William McKinley (1897 Petitions…)

A

elected in 1896; open to Hawaiʻi annexation unlike previous President - Grover Cleveland. He met with the 3 annexationists that went to Washington - Lorrin Thurston, Francis Hatch, and William Kinney; he negotiated and signed Treaty of Annexation in June 1897

149
Q

Queen Liliʻuokalani (1897 Petitions…)

A

became Queen in 1891 after her brother King David Kalākaua dies; 2/3 of her people sent petitions asking for a new constitution to restore power to Hawaiians; drafted a new constitution 14 January 1893 to remove foreign national ability to vote & wuld reinstate 1864 constitution (the last “valid” constitution); government overthrown on 17 January 1893; imprisoned in ʻIolani Palace for 8 months in 1895; pardoned in October 1896; went to Washington in December 1896; met with delegates sent to Washington (James Kaulia - Hui Aloha ʻĀina President, David Kalauokalani - Hui Kālaiʻāina President, John Richardson, and William Auld as secretary) on 6 December 1897; chosen as the Washington committee chair; she chose Hui Aloha ʻĀina’s petition because Hui Kālaiʻāina’s petition asked for full restoration of monarchy; met with Senator Hoar to ask him to bring petition before Senate & Foreign Relations Committee

150
Q

Richard Lyman (Hawaiian Movement)

A

trustee of the Bishop Estate said residents’ protest was of no concern because their primary responsibility was to “maintain & operate Kamehameha Schools”

151
Q

Robert L. Hind III (Broken Promise)

A

Parker Ranch’s livestock manager who said “It’s not like we are paying nothing”; the ranching corporation pays the state $3.33 an acre/year for 27,000 acres of homelands

152
Q

Robert M. Kaaoao (1897 Petitions…)

A

President of Kalaupapa branch of Hui Aloha ʻĀina; gathered signatures on MolokaʻI (where the leprosy sufferers were imprisoned); also held activities to celebrate the Queen’s birthday on 2 September

153
Q

Robert Wilcox (1897 Petitions… & Synopsis)

A

leader in rebellion effort to overturn Bayonet Constitution in 1889 - Marines landed to squash the rebellion & he was then found innocent by an all-Hawaiian jury; leader of unsucessful rebellion against provisional governement that led to imprisonment of over 200 people plus the Queen was imprisoned in ʻIolani Palace for 8 months in 1895; elected as nonvoting delegate to US Congress by the Home Rule Party

154
Q

Ruddy F. Togg (Broken Promise)

A

Diamond Head developer and Aloha Air founder has a 1,126 acre ranch on homelands

155
Q

S. 1783 (Self-Determination)

A

Akaka Bill No. 3 - narrowly drafted ugly cousin to bills 1 & 2; blood quantum definition used to define who is and isn’t a federally recognized Hawaiian; gives plenary power over Hawaiians to the US Congress

156
Q

S. 2899 (Self-Determination)

A

Akaka Bill No. 1 - only bill Hawaiians have testifed about

157
Q

S. 746 (Self-Determination

A

Akaka Bill No. 2 - only bill Senator Daniel Akaka is currently pushing; removed economic self-sufficiency language of first bill; drafted in Washington; says self-determination can be exercised by taking federal money

158
Q

Samuel Nowlein (An Act of War & Synopsis)

A

Captain of the Hawaiian Royal Household Guard that worked with Mr. Charles B. Wilson to aid the Queen in trying to stop the overthrow

159
Q

Sand Island

A

residents of a self-supporting Hawaiian community were labeled squatters on government land in the 1970s; they wanted to live on the beach and cultivate the Hawaiian lifestyle to be fishermen - independent & live off the land; evicted; 180 acres was used to form a state park

160
Q

Sandford Ballard Dole (An Act of War)

A

declined to officially be part of the Committee of Safety, but helped draft their declaration; accepted Presidency of provisional government

161
Q

Senator Hoar (1897 Petitions…)

A

opposed to annexation; met with Washington committee delegates (Queen Liliʻuokalani , James Kaulia - Hui Aloha ʻĀina President, David Kalauokalani - Hui Kālaiʻāina President, John Richardson, and William Auld as secretary) & agreed to bring petition before Senate and Foreign Relations Committee

162
Q

Senator Richard Pettigrew (1897 Petitions…)

A

took Washington delegates (James Kaulia - Hui Aloha ʻĀina President, David Kalauokalani - Hui Kālaiʻāina President, John Richardson, and William Auld as secretary) to Senate’s opening ceremonies; insisted along with Senator Turpie that Kanaka Maoli be given a chance to vote on annexation

163
Q

Senator Turpie (1897 Petitions…)

A

insisted along with Senator Richard Pettigrew that Kanaka Maoli be given a chance to vote on annexation

164
Q

Simon Peter Kanoa (1897 Petitions…)

A

went with Enoch Johnson to Maui on the Claudine to get signatures; collected 1,944 in Hāna, Maui

165
Q

Timothy Glidden (Broken Promise)

A

the homelands’ administrative agency at federal level, the US Interior Department, the sole designated office says “I spend very little time on it”

166
Q

Trustees of the Bishop Estate (Hawaiian Movement)

A

Frank Midkiff, Herbert Keppeler, Atherton Richards, Richard Lyman, and Hung Wo Ching – all Republicans, 3 of them former military, 2 were members of “Pacific Club” a whites only social club

167
Q

U.S Senator Morgan (1897 Petitions…)

A

advocate of annexation arrived in Hawaiʻi 14 September 1897

168
Q

UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

A

formally adopted on 13 September 2007 as a comprehensive international standard on human rights; lays out minimum standards for the survival, dignity, and well-being of indigenous peoples

169
Q

University of HawaiʻI (Hawaiian Movement)

A

First group to answer Kalama Valley call for support

170
Q

US involvement in Belau

A

US offered $430 million in exchange for 1/3 of island area for military bases, jungle warefare training, and nuclear warship transit; desired Malakal Harbor for US Navy to open up straits for passage to Indian Ocean

171
Q

Victoria Kamamalu (Synopsis)

A

Premier that assumed office for one day after King Kamehameha IV passed away on 30 November 1863 before Lot Kapuaiwa (Kamehameha V) took the throne

172
Q

Wagi Valley

A

biggest valley of all Papa New Guinea with 1/4 million people living there; gold discovered there by Leahy brothers

173
Q

Waikiki Reclamation Report (Taking Waikiki)

A

due to sanitation reasons; required land to be raised to 5-7 feet above sea level; land owners must fill in their own land at their own expense; if they can’t afford to fill it in they will have a lien placed on the property & the property would be sent to auction; this report became the master plan for Waikiki

174
Q

Waiting List (Broken Promise)

A

only 3,700 of the tens of thousands of families are eligible have actually been allowed to settle on the land

175
Q

Wallace Fukunaga (Hawaiian Movement)

A

Youth Action member

176
Q

William Auld (1897 Petitions…)

A

sent as secretary along with 3 other delegates selected from all 3 groups to Washington (James Kaulia - Hui Aloha ʻĀina President, David Kalauokalani - Hui Kālaiʻāina President, and John Richardson) - called national delegates “ʻElele Lāhui”

177
Q

William Kinney (1897 Petitions…)

A

met with President William McKinley in Washington as an annexationist along withLorrin Thurston and Francis Hatch

178
Q

William Little Lee (Synopsis)

A

lawyer recommended by Dr. Gerrit P. Judd and became the kingdom’s Attorney General; convinced Kamehameha III that private land ownership would enhance prosperity & protection of sovereignty; sugar plantation business partner with Charles Reed Bishop

179
Q

William Richards (Synopsis)

A

missionary that was a trusted advisor - chaplain, interpreter, teacher of political economy, law, & science of government - became Minister of Education; argued for private land ownership after French & British attempted takeovers –said foreign governments could not seize the land if it was privately owned

180
Q

Youth Action (Hawaiian Movement)

A

association founded by left-liberal campus ministers to bring young people of high school & college age into the social movements; headed by Jon Witeck; members included Larry Jones

Hawaii: Center of the Pacific (1 decks)

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