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Theory 4 > Hydraulics > Flashcards

Hydraulics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of a fluid?

A

A substance that will readily take the shape of its container.
It is capable of transmitting power.
It can be liquid or gas.

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2
Q

What is the equation for hydraulic multiplication?

A 
F = A x P
Force = Area x Pressure
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3
Q

What are the advantages of hydraulics?

A 
It is reliable. 
Simple and easy to understand.
Infinite speed range.
Easily reversed. 
Ability to withstand overload. 
No spark risks. 
High torque at low speeds. 
1/12 the size of equivalent electric motor.
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4
Q

What are the disadvantages of hydraulics?

A

Fire risk with mineral oil systems.
Noise.
Risk of contamination.
Less efficient (85-95%).

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5
Q

What are two types of hydraulic fluid?

A

Petroleum based.

Synthetic based.

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6
Q

What oils are in use in hydraulic systems and where and what colour are they?

A

OX30 - Red - Submarines
OM33 - Yellow/orange - T42’s, T22’s, CVS
OX40 - Green - T23’s, T45’s, all future projects
Rust veto - used instead of hydraulic oil during upkeep periods to prevent corrosion.

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7
Q

What are the requirements of a hydraulic fluid?

A

Main requirement is for the transmission of power.
The liquid must flow easily through lines.
It must be incompressible.
Used for lubrication.
Sealing properties.
Cooling.

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8
Q

What are the most common causes of contamination in oil?

A 
Airborne particles and moisture. 
Construction dirt. 
Dirt in new fluid. 
Dirt produced by wearing in new system.
Dirt from human sources.
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9
Q

What are the methods of reducing contamination in oil?

A 
Good system design. 
Filtration and filter maintenance.
Operation of filter and clogging indicators. 
Good working practices. 
Use of guardian filter pack.
Caps should be fitted to open pipework. 
Clean working area.
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10
Q

What are the types of positive displacement pumps that are used in hydraulic systems?

A 
Internal gearwheel type.
External gearwheel type.
Vane type. 
Lobe type.
Radial piston type.
Axial piston pump.
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11
Q

What are axial piston pumps used for?

A

Stabiliser systems.
CPP systems.
Steering systems.

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12
Q

What is the purpose of an acutator/motor?

A

To convert hydraulic energy into mechanical motion.

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13
Q

What two types of acutators are there?

A

Linear and rotary.

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14
Q

What are the two types of linear acutators?

A

Single acting and double acting.

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15
Q

What is the purpose, hazards and precautions associated with denso steel working mastic and PVC self-adhesive tapes?

A

Used to prevent corrosion of hydraulic pipework.
They give off toxic gas when ignited.
Should only be used on the upper deck.
To be kept in the flammable store.

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16
Q

What are O rings made of ?

A

Fluorocarbon elastomers.

17
Q

What are the hazards associated with fluorocarbon elastomers?

A

They give off toxic gasses under extreme temperature (300 degrees celcius plus).

18
Q

What gas is released by fluorocarbon elastomers?

A

Hydrogen fluoride.

19
Q

What PPE is needed when working with fluorocarbon elastomers?

A

PVC gauntlets
Rubber boots
PVC coveralls
Full-face visor

20
Q

What is an accumulator used for and which type?

A

They store energy and smooth out pulsations. Used as surge or pulsation dampener. Piston type used in hydraulic systems.

21
Q

What should you do if you come into contact with hydraulic fluids?

A

Change clothing immediately.

Skin irritation is to be checked by medical staff.

22
Q

What must flexi hoses be checked for before use?

A

Check that they are in date.

23
Q

What additives are added to oil?

A 
Anti foam
Anti oxidants
Anti corrosion
Demulsibility 
Pour point depressant
24
Q

What are the three sets of pipework in a hydraulic system?

A

Supply
Return
Drain leg

25
Q

What does the drain leg do?

A

Returns oil to the tank that has been used for sealing, lubricating and cooling.

26
Q

What is the purpose of a swash plate?

A

A plate within an axial piston pump which can be moved to different angles and directions to vary the flow, pressure and direction of liquid. This removes the need for a control valve.

27
Q

What is the difference between a single acting actuator and a double acting actuator?

A

Single acting - moves one item, operated from one end.

Double acting - moves two items, operated from both ends.

Theory 4 (4 decks)

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