Hydrocarbon And That Flashcards
(27 cards)
Define: Organic Chemistry
A branch of science that involves the study of the structure, properties, and composition of organic compounds and organic materials
Explain the term: Hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting of entirely carbon and hydrogen.
What are saturated Hydrogen Carbons?
Saturated hydrocarbons are molecules that only contain single bonds; all of the carbon atoms are bonded to four other atoms
General formula of Alkanes
CnH2n+2
Names and molecular formula of first 5 alkanes
Methane; CH4
Ethane; C2H6
Propane; C3H8
Butane; C4H10
Pentane; C5H12
Used of Alkanes in our everyday life
Gasoline used to fuel cars, lubricating oils, methane and ethane used for heating and cooking
Properties of Alkanes
Colorless
Odorless
Little biological Activity
Not be try reactive
Weak Van Der Waals Forces of Attractions
What are Isomers?
Isomers are molecules with identical molecular formulas, same number of each element, but with different arrangements. ex;
Diamond and Graphite
Glucose and Fructose
Define Alkenes
Class of hydrocarbons that are unsaturated with at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond
;also called olefins
Formula of alkenes
CnH2n
Give name and molecular formula of Alkenes
Ethene; C2H4
Propene; C3H6
1-Butene; C4H8
1-Pentene; C5H10
1-Hexene; C6H12
Uses of Alkene in everyday life
Manufacture of plastics like polythene which is used in buckets and bags
Manufacture of polystyrene which is used in refrigerators and battery cases
Properties of Alkenes
Colorless
Nonpolar
Combustible
More reactive than Alkanes
Exists in all 3 stages of matter at room temperature
How is Vitamin A related to vision
It helps you see better in the dark and gives your eye a protective shield. People with Vitamin A deficiency can’t see in the dark
Define Alkyne
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon with at least one carbon-carbon triple bond
General Formula of Alkyne
CnH2n-2
Names and Molecular Structure of first five Alkynes
Ethyne; C2H2
Propyne; C3H4
Butyne; C4H6
Pentyne; C5H8
Hexyne; C6H10
Uses of Alkynes
Ethyne is used to make organic Solvents
Alkynes are commonly used to artificially ripen fruits
Used to make Polymers
Properties of Alkynes
Dissolves in organic solvents
Has high solubility in polar solvents
Insoluble in water
Slightly higher boiling point than alkanes and alkenes
very similar to Alkenes
What is the role of a pharmacist
Dispense Prescription Medication
Provide information about drugs and their uses
Advice healthcare workers on selection and dosages to treat health problems
What is an “Aromatic Hydrocarbon”
Organic compounds with a chemistry typified by benzene resembling them in electronic configurations and chemical behavior
Explain the term: Natural Gas
Naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons primarily made up of methane but can also contain other hydrocarbons.
Explain: Petroleum
Known as oil and can also be crude oil.
It occurs naturally yellow-blackish with a mixture of mainly hydrocarbons
What is Fractional Distillation?
Separation of a mixture into it’s component parts which is done by heating them until their heating point.
