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MT&A > HYDROTHERAPY > Flashcards

HYDROTHERAPY Flashcards

1
Q

4 functions of the skin

A

protection
thermoregulation
excretion
absorption

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2
Q

core body temp

A

37C

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3
Q

skin can tolerate (heat and cold)

A

-5 and 57C

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4
Q

skin surface temp is usually

A

28-32C

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5
Q

3 heat conserving activites

A

shivering
vasoconstriction
goosebumps

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6
Q

3 heat losing activities

A

perspiration
vasodilation
increased breathing rate

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7
Q

properties of water

A

thermal properties
specific heat
thermal conductivity
mechanical effects
chemical effects

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8
Q

transfer of heat CCCRE

A

conduction
convection
conversion
radiation
evaporation

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9
Q

reflex effects

A

vasomotor
visceromotor
granular

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10
Q

3 effects of temperature therapy applications

A

local effects
reflex effects
systemic effects

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11
Q

what is derivation

A

drawing of fluid from its main pathway to chilled tissue

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12
Q

cardinal signs of inflammation

SHARP

A

SWELLING
HEAT
ALTERED FUNCTION
REDNESS
PAIN

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13
Q

hunting response

A

when the temperature in a tissue is reduced for 12-15 mins or below 10C

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14
Q

physiological effects of cold

A

depressive, slows down metabolic functions

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15
Q

5 factors that influence cold’s effects

A

temperature
duration
size of tx area
temperature of individual
amount of adipose tissue

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16
Q

C-BAN

A

cold
burning
aching
numb

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17
Q

S.K.I.L.L.S

A

skin
kidneys
intestines
liver
lungs
spleen

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18
Q

define retrostasis

A

the action of fluid being mobilized from the body surface into deeper tissues

drawing of blood to interal organs

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19
Q

the higher the conductivity of a material the better the material transfers heat

A
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20
Q

stages of inflammation

A

acute
subacute
chronic

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21
Q

general rule for cold or heat

A

cold for acute
contrast for sub acute
heat for chronic

22
Q

R.I.C.E

A

rest
ice
compression
elevation

23
Q

indications for cold

A

acute sprains
inflammation
edema
muscular pain
muscle guarding spasm
acute tendinitis
acute bursitis
fractures
headaches
MS
post surgical conditions

24
Q

caution w cryotherapy

A

frostnip
cold over cast
superficial wounds
young or old people
immunocompromised
high BP
cardiac disorders
nerve conduction problems

25
Q

what is dosimetry factors

A

appropriate dosage of a tx

26
Q

factors under control of therapist for tx

A

tx area
application temperature
therapeutic medium
static or dynamic tx
speed of application
tx duration
tx frequency
use of additives
post-tx activities

27
Q

ratio for contrast

A

3:1 hot:cold

28
Q

direct heat effects(5)

A

increased metabolism of affected tissues
altered cardiovascular dynamics
altered blood dilution
detoxification
direct effects on soft tissue structures

29
Q

venous negative reaction

A

skin appears red and blue

most common w hot tx’s

stop tx and promote drainage

30
Q

warm tx’s raise tissues to what temp

A

33-38C

31
Q

hot applications are over ?

A

38C

32
Q

what is passive derivation

A

doesn’t require energy

local vasodilation that allows heat to escape
blood rushes to bodys surface to prevent heat damage

33
Q

6 factors that influence heats effects

A

temp of application
speed tissue is heated
duration
presence/absence of coupling agent **
size of tx area
amount of adipose tissue

34
Q

indications for heat application

A

promote injury healing
myofascial trigger point
DOMS
spasticity
chronic tendinitis
scars
non inflammatory joint pain
limited mobility
anxiety
labour pain

35
Q

cautions w thermotherapy

A

if a person is already overheated
dehydrated
cardiovascular, renal or respiratory disorders
bleeding disorders
diabetes mellitus
peripheral vascular disease
over abdomen of pregnant woman
sensory or thermoregulatory disorders

36
Q

health history questions

A

age
health status
general constitution
medications
restrictions

understand nature of presenting condition/symptom

37
Q

checking for what in assessment ? SSSCT

A

swelling
sore
scars
color
tissue health

38
Q

assessment tests (4)

A

vital signs - HR and BP

skin discrimination test - impaired sensation

nail bed test - peripheral vascular disease

patch testing - concern for pt’s reaction to tissues

39
Q

include these in consent

A

temperature
heating or cooling agent
method of application
duration
positioning
draping
benefits and risks
questions
right of refusal
consent

40
Q

with local tx , always lay heating or cooler agent on top of person, never under

A

placing it under traps heat and impairs thermoregulation mechanisms which increase risk of burns

41
Q

with longer treatments metabolism increases but circulation slows

A
42
Q

negative reactions

A

tissue discoloration
shivering
dizziness
low or high BP
headache
nausea
disorientation
hyperventilating
feeling faint

43
Q

types of negative reactions

A

arterial
venous
paradox
combined

44
Q

arterial reaction

A

skin appears marble like with red and white blotches

most common w contrast, intense heat, long cold applications

stop application and promote dilation of blood vessels

45
Q

venous reaction

A

skin appears red and blue

red - hyperemia
blue - congestion

due to inability of veins to cope w increased blood drainage

common w hot treatments

stop treatment, promote drainage

46
Q

paradox reaction

A

body responds in a way that is contrary to what should happen

cryotherapy = skin becomes pale, red, then white

paradox = skin become pale, then white but not red

stop tx, reassess, refer to doc if needed

47
Q

combined reactions

A

a combo of two or more arterial, venous or paradox reactions happen

only happens when someone has circulatory disorder

stop tx, allow rest

48
Q

name some pulse points

A

carotid
brachial
ulnar
radial
femoral
popliteal
posterior tibial

49
Q

average BP

A

120/70

50
Q

vant hoffs law

A

chemical reactions increase two to three times for every 10C temperature increase

MT&A (3 decks)

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