hydrotherapy Flashcards

Question

evidence for how the properties of water help with exercising with clbp 6points

Answer 1

Waller et al 2009 1. water immersion decreases axial loading of the spine through buoyancy allows for movements hard on land 2. utilise properties of water eg resistance to create a graded exercise programme 3. hydrostatic pressure and water temp may assist with balance, mobility and pain control for patients eg pregnant women support spine 4. suitable for patients restricted on land gives psychological benefit 5. better than land based? Mooventhan 2014 6. warm water and buoyancy reduce swelling and pain on joints and promotes muscle relaxation as block nociceptors

Answer 2

1. exercise details in many aquatic studies are not well reported or completely absent, 2. little info on muscle activation of trunk supporting muscles in water 3. no info on muscle activation for people with clbp suggest may be different to on land but unsure

Answer 3

-granath et al 2006 - waller et al 2009 -the water study -colado et al 2013 bressel et al 2011 Baena beato et al 2014 Torres Ronda et al 2014 Mooventhan et al 2014

Answer 4

390 participants land versus water 19 weeks gestational intervention: 45 min activity x1 week, strength, flexibility and fitness Results: -water aerobics diminished pregnancy related LBP and sick leave due to pregnancy related LBP more than land based ie 6 women land based versus 0 in water group with sick leave LBP BUT NO EVIDENCE ON SPECIFIC EXERCISES

Answer 5

37 trials on at for lbp methodological quality was poor aquatic exercises not well reported RESULTS: 1.pregnancy related lbp and pelvic pain studies showed sig benefits in reducing number of sick days to lbp (34%) and pain score 2. 6 studies showed therapeutic at exercise sig increase benefit on LBP but no evidence control more or less effective 3. both aquatic and land improved function on the owestry disability index and reduction in pain scores suggests water possibly as effective for lbp 4.three times a week produced largest imporvement 5. adherence to aquatic high 6. no studies reported a negative effect on lbp due to aquatic therapy

Answer 6

example of exercises 1. trunk rotations sitting on a board 2. kickboard oblique ie use board and twist side to side found compared to land The aquatic exercises that maximize trunk muscle activity in the healthy males studied are abdominal bracing and Swiss ball exercises. Some muscles were selectively activated during abdominal hollowing (LA) and hip abduction (MT) exercises when compared to most other exercises.

Answer 7

24 fit healthy male uni studies completed 3 reps of shoulder extension using 4 devices a drag weshap, drag glove, floating dumbell and floating wristband 2 depths clavicle and xiphoid depth found no difference between 4 devices on neuromuscular response on shoulder extension at xiphoid depth Regarding depth found xiphoid process depth to show increase muscle activation for latissimus dorsi (17.4%) compared to clavicle depth significant. Regarding core muscles though no effect on depth or device used.

Answer 8

which aquatic exercises work best? Psycharakis 2015-2017 1. how are trunk supporting muscles activated in aquatic exercises 2. which exercises are more effective for each muscle 3. what is the exercise pain, perceived exertion and intensity 4. any differences in activation between CLBP participants and healthy controls 5. what are the patterns for similar land exercises? compared exercises in water to land

Answer 9

``` 20 non specific clbp and 20 healthy water 26 and land 28 exercises selected 54 exercises in total -exercise pace controlled as same resistance to speed (metronome) -at at shallow depth familiarisation muscles: 7 trunk supporting equipment: electromyography with 2d video analysis ```

Answer 10

``` elector spinae multifidus ra eo io gluteus maximus gluteus medius ```

Answer 11

EMG exercise intensity percieved exertion percieved pain or discomfort for CLBP group

Answer 12

1. no difference between water or land (clbp being generally active, mild to mod level of disability) 2. pain was level and occurrence was relatibely low in both environments 3. pain level had a non sig trend lower values in water (2/10 then 2.3/10) 4. pain occurrence was nearly 3x lower on water 5. for 15 land "equivalent" exercises; intensity higher on land, ma and pe in water equal to land in 2/3 cases, higher ma in water in 5% of comparisons (sig diff found in some muscles in 4 out of 15 exercises) , higher ma in land in 28% of comparison (for at least 1 muscle in 14/15 exercises) 6. asymmetries in activation in 4% of water and 12% on land ie 3x more on land as no buoyancy and pressure support 7. hr higher on land as water immersion reduces hr 8. percieved exertion was -higher in water for 3 exercises -higher in land for 6 exercises -no different in remaining 6 exercises

Answer 13

Aquatic exercises... 1. often produce sufficient ma, intensity and pe 2. should not be assumed less strenuous or less effective in activating muscles 3. may be more approriate than land for early stages of rehab, higher disability levels, people with kinesiophobia or pain limiting factor

Answer 14

-warmth of water reduces pain acts on nocicpetors/ improves blood flow and facilitates muscle relaxation -improved joint range of motion -improved muscle length, strength and control, improved balance and co-ord - increased energy expenditure yet decreased mechanical loads on joints -psychological benefit when unable to exercise on land -general health improvement with exercise ie prevent co-morbidities

Answer 15

``` infection pulmonary disease open wounds infectious skin disease inflammation uncontrolled hd or hypertension vascular condition kidney problem cancer incontinence fever ```

Answer 16

``` RCT 49 sedentary patients with clbp 24 versus 25 cg no randomisation 2month 40 sessions x5 per week, 55-60 minutes aerobic + resistance exercises cg=no exercise concluded aquatic programme in sb adults and clbp well tolerated ``` -increased hrqol -decreased back pain -increased body comp and fitness using flexilbity sit and reach, handgrip strength, curl up and rockport 1mile test NO SPECIFIC EXERCISES control group no sig changes

Answer 17

2014 1. Water as a counterbalance to gravity a. Density and buoyancy b. Reduce impact on joint c. Found when exercise is involves a horizontal movement at submaximal speeds eg aqaua jogging at a depth shallow immersion, vo2 and muscle activity are greater when performing the same exercise at the same speed on land. d. Conversely when exercise is static or vertical the cvd and neurom activity are reduced in comparison to land due to buoyancy e. Use flotation aids 2. Water as resistance a. Density, viscosity and drag and buoyancy b. Various studies support at can improve aerobic and muscle strength c. Equipment 3. Water as a compressor a. Hydrostatic pressure b. Increased blood flow and increased cardiac output c. Chest wall compressed altering pulmonary function 4. Water as a thermal conductor a. Heat muscle relaxation, blocks nociceptor pain and increased blood flow

Answer 18

Waller et al 2009 Mooventhan et al 2014 Torres Ronda et al 2014

Answer 19

``` Granath et al 2006 Waller et al 2009 Colado et al 2013 Bressel et al 2011 Psycharakis 2015-17 Baena-Beato et al 2014 ```

hydrotherapy Flashcards

(43 cards)