Hypercalcemia

Question 1

What condition can make PTH-RP less reliable?

Answer 1

CKD

Question 2

what is the name of the cells that secrete PTH?

Answer 2

chief cells

Question 3

What does oxyphil cells do?

Answer 3

no known role, uptake of sestamibi to allow for localization

Question 4

What is the 3 ways that PTH increases calcium levels?

Answer 4

1. leads to vitamin D hydoxylation (25(OH)D -> 1,25(OH)2D3) which increases calcium absorption
2. leads to calcium reabsorption at the levels
   3.increases osteoclast activity leading to reabsorption of calcium from the bones

Question 5

what produces calcitonin

Answer 5

c cells from the thyroid

Question 6

roles of calcitonin

Answer 6

1. increases calcium deposition in bone
2. decrease calcium uptake in the intestines
3. decrease calcium reabsorption from urine

Question 7

what can lead to false positive sestamibi scans?

Answer 7

1. Thyroid adenoma (solitary adenoma and MNG)
2. benign or malignant tumors (breast, lung, H&N cancers, LNs, bone mets, mets to thyroid)
3. thyroid cancer