Hyperopia Flashcards
(19 cards)
What type of patients are at risk for the adverse effects of hyperopia?
Well kinda everyone.
- Young children: early detection is critical to prevent the complications of strabismus and amblyopia
- Older children: hyperopia can affect learning ability
- Any age: hyperopia can lead to ocular discomfort and visual inefficiency
What is low hyperopia?
What is moderate hyperopia?
+2.25D to +5.00 D
What is high hyperopia?
> +5.00D
What is simple hyperopia?
Hyperopia due to normal biological variation (axial or refractive)
What is pathological hyperopia?
Hyperopia caused by abnormal ocular anatomy (maldevelopment, ocular disease, or trauma)
What is functional hyperopia?
Hyperopia that results from paralysis of accommodation
What is facultative hyperopia? (KEY SLIDE)
Can be overcome by accommodation
What is absolute hyperopia (KEYSLIDE)
Hyperopia cannot be compensated with accommodation
What is the total magnitude of hyperopia?
The sum of absolute and facultative hyperopia
What is manifest hyperopia? (KEY SLIDE)
Determined by noncycloplegic refraction
**Can be facultative or absolute
What is latent hyperopia? (KEY SLIDE)
Detected only by cyclyplegia (sometimes called wet)–can be overcome by accommodation
What is the sum of latent and manifest hyperopia equal to? (KEY SLIDE)
Magnitude of hyperopia
What are signs and symptoms of hyperopia (KEY SLIDE)
- red or tearing eyes
- squinting and facial contortions while reading
- ocular fatigue or asthenopia (common)
- frequent blinking
- constant or intermittent blurred vision
- focusing problems
- decreased binocularity and eye-hand coordination
- difficulty with or aversion to reading
What does the word pathognomonic mean? Are there any for hyperopia?
- A clinical sign that is indicative of one condition
* NO
Factors to consider for Treatment and Management for Hyperopia? (KEY SLIDE)
Factors to consider:
- Magnitude of the hyperopia
- Presence of astigmatism or anisometropia
- Age
- Previous Spectacle Rx
- Presence of an associated esotropia and/or amblyopia
- Status of accommodation and convergence
- Demands placed on the visual system, and the patient’s symptoms
What is the most commonly used treatment for hyperopia?
Optical Correction!
*Sometimes they will not tolerate full Rx…baby steps
Why do we work towards full correction?
We don’t want the kids to get amblyopia
Things to consider about the patient when Treating an Managing Hyperopia (KEY SLIDE)
- Age
- Degree of symptoms
- Amount of hyperopia
- Visual acuity
- Binocular function
- Efficiency during the performance of visual tasks
- Presence of astigmatism or anisometropia
- Previous Spectacle Rx
