Hypersensitivity And Allergy

Question 1

Define hypersensitivity and what the classification of hypersensitivity are

Answer 1

Hypersensitivity occurs when immune responses are mounted against: harmless foreign antigens, autoantigens and Alloantigens

Type 1: immediate hypersensitivity
Type 2: antibody dependent cytotoxicity
Type 3: immune complex mediated
Type 4: delayed cell mediated

Question 2

Describe in detail the four types of hypersensitivity

Answer 2

Type 1. Anaphylaxis, asthma, rhinitis, food allergy. On first exposure: sensitisation occurs, IgE production and IgE binds to mast cells. On second exposure: more IgE produced, antigen cross links with the IgE on mast cells and basophils, degranulation of mediators and therefore reaction

Type 2: clinical presentation in target tissue, eg organ specific (look at examples) and cytopenias and tested via fluorescent and ELISA

Type 3: formation of antigen-antibody complex in blood, they can’t get through small vessels and therefore deposit and activate complement and inflammation leading to vasculitis eg SLE.

Type 4: chronic transplant rejection, asthma, coeliac disease. TH1 produces lots of gamma interferon ““….”……. learn super important

Question 3

What is atopy

Answer 3

A form of allergy in which there is a hereditary or constitutional tendency to develop hypersensitivity in response to allergen.

Question 4

What re the different types of inflammation

Answer 4

Mesembryanthemum

Question 5

DO LO QUESTIONS

Answer 5

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