Hypertension

Question 1

HPT stage 1 and 2

Answer 1

130–139 or 80-89
>140 or >90

Question 2

what drugs can increase BP

Answer 2

amphetamines
cocaine
pseudophedrine
ESA- erythropoeisis stimulating agents
cyclosporine
NSAIDs
steroids

Question 3

what natural products are used for HPT

Answer 3

fish oil
coenzyme
L arginine
garlic

Question 4

goal for HPT

Answer 4

<130/80

Question 5

what medication should be considered for AA pts

Answer 5

Thiazide or CCB

Question 6

what meds should be considered for NON AA pts

Answer 6

thiazide, CCB, ACE/ARB

Question 7

what meds are considered for CKD

Answer 7

ACE/ARB

Question 8

what meds should be considered for diabetes with albuminuria with CAD

Answer 8

ACE/ARB

Question 9

thiazide diuretic

Answer 9

chlortahlidone
hydrocholorothiazide
indapamide
metolazone

** AE- lowers K MG Na
increases CA LDL TG BG

not used in CRCL<30
take early in the day

Question 10

Calcium channel blockers- Dihydropyridines

Answer 10

amlodipine (Norvasc)
nifedipine (adalat CC, Procardia)
nicardipine IV
clevidipine IV

** AE- PE, HA, flushing

Safest for HFrEF
nifedipine drug of choice for pregnancy
raynauds

Question 11

CCB non-dhp

Answer 11

diltiazem cardizem
verapamil calan

** AE- edema
HF may worsen

Question 12

ACE-i

Answer 12

benazepril
enalpril
lisinopril
ramipril

*** AE cough, hyperkalemia, increase SCR
teratogenic

Question 13

ARB

Answer 13

Irbesartan
Losartan
Olmesartan
Valsartan
telmisartan

same as ACE less cough

Question 14

DRR

Answer 14

aliskiren do not use with ACE

Question 15

K sparing

Answer 15

spironolactone aldactone
triamterene
amiloride
eplerenone

Question 16

Beta blocker Beta-1 selective

Answer 16

atenolol
esmolol
metoprolol
bisoprolol

*** do not dc abruptly
can mask hypo glycemia symptoms
use caution with raynauds
metoprolol IV is 1:2.5

Question 17

BB selective blocker with NO

Answer 17

nebivilol bystolic

Question 18

BB-1 and 2 non selective

Answer 18

propranolol
nadolol
timolol

• propranolol more lipophilic so CNS AE

Question 19

BB and alpha-1 non selective

Answer 19

Carvedilol coreg
labetalol

** take coreg with food, dosing is not 1:1

labetalol drug of choice for pregnancy

Question 20

Alpha 2 agonist

Answer 20

clonidine catapres
kapvay

guanfacine intuiniv
methyldopa

** do not dc abruptly
Clonidine patch is weekly
methyldopa preffered in pregnancy
methyldopa not good with MAO or hemolytic anemia

Question 21

direct vasodilators

Answer 21

hydralazine
minoxidil

** can cause PE/ fluid retension
DILE for hydralazine

Question 22

alpha blockers

Answer 22

doxazosin
prazosin
terazosin

*** should only be used with BPH and HPT

Question 23

hypertensive urgency is

Answer 23

when there is no evidence of organ damage with 180>120

Question 24

hypertensive emmergency is

Answer 24

when BP >180/120 and there is possible Organ damage

Question 25

Urgency and emmergency when to use IV or oral

Answer 25

Emmergency use IV:
- metoprolol
- chlorthalizide
- labetalol
-esmolol
- propranolol
- clevidipine
- nicardipine
- diltiazem
- verapamil
- enalprilat
- hydralazine
- nitroglycerin
- nitroprusside

Question 26

thiazide diuretics

Answer 26

hypercalcemia
increased uric acid
sexual dysfunction
photosensitiviy

Question 27

ace

Answer 27

can retain potassium

Question 28

nifedipine

Answer 28

profound hypotension