Hypertension

Question 1

What does sodium imbalance cause?

Answer 1

• -promotes increase in intracellular Ca+
• increased basal tone of VSM
• increased response to NE and AII
• increased vessel stiffness
• increased fluid retention
• increased release of NE or EPI

Question 2

underlying causes of abnormal baroreceptor function

Answer 2

• loss of afferent function: o2 radicals, atherosclerosis, less distensible
• central defect: AII, loss of baroreceptor p’ways, emotional or reactive stress

Question 3

first time intervention for high blood pressure

Answer 3

lifestyle interventions

Question 4

Rx BP for non-black, > 60 years

Answer 4

goal:

Question 5

Rx BP for black,

Answer 5

goal:

Question 6

RX BP for all ages, CKD present

Answer 6

ACEI or ARB

Question 7

mechanism for obesity and HTN

Answer 7

insulin dependent increase in Na reabsorption or increase in central mediated vasoconstriction

Question 8

Rx HTN w HF w dec EF

Answer 8

diuretic w ACEI/ARB, then add B blocker (non-selective), aldosterone antagonist (no CCB)

Question 9

Rx HTN w post MI

Answer 9

B blocker then add ACEI/ARB

Question 10

Rx HTN w CAD

Answer 10

B Blocker, then add ACEI or ARB, then add ACEI/ARB, CCB, then thiazide diuretic

Question 11

Rx HTN w DM

Answer 11

ACEI or ARB, CCB, thiazide diuertic, B blocker

Question 12

Rx HTN w CKD

Answer 12

ACEI/ARB

Question 13

Rx HTN w recurrent stroke prevention

Answer 13

thiazide diuretic or thiazide w ACEI