Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pre-reg > Hypertension > Flashcards

Hypertension Flashcards

1
Q

What lifestyle changes can be made to reduce blood pressure?

A

Smoking cessation, weight reduction, reduction in alcohol and caffeine and dietary salt, reduction in total and saturated fats, increasing exercise and increasing fruit and vegetable intake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Those with ___mmHg should be offered ambulatory BP monitoring?

A

140/90 or higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is classed as Stage 1 hypertension?

A

140/90mmHg or higher and ABPM average 135/85mmHg or higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who should be treated for stage 1 hypertension?

A

Under 80 years with target organ damage, CV disease, renal disease or diabetes or a 10 year CV risk >20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What should happen for people under 40 with stage 1 hypertension?

A

Referral to specialist advise for evaluation of secondary causes of HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is classed as Stage 2 hypertension?

A

160/100mHg or ABPM 150/95mmHg or more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who should be treated for Stage 2 HTN?

A

All patients regardless of their age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is classed as severe HTN?

A

Clinic systolic of 180 or more or clinic diastolic BP 110 or more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the BP target for people under 80?

A

Below 140/90 clinic or below 135/85 ABPM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the BP target for those with established atherosclerotic CV disease, diabetes in presence of kideny, eye or cerebrovascular disease?

A

130/80mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What interval should be allowed to determine response to an antihypertensive?

A

4 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the target BP for patients under 80?

A

Below 150/90 clinic or below 145/85 ABPM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is isolated systolic hypertension classed as?

A

160 or more systolic with less than 90 diastolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the BP target for people with diabetes?

A

140/80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the BP target for people with diabetes with kidney, eye or cerebrovascular disease present?

A

130/80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is first line antihypertensive for patients with diabetes?

A

ACE-inhibitors

17
Q

What is the BP target for people with renal disease?

A

140/90

18
Q

What is the BP target for people with renal disease (with CKD and diabetes or if proteinuria exceeds 1g in 24 hours)?

A

130/80

19
Q

Which antihypertensives should be used in caution in renal impairment?

A

ACE inhibitors

20
Q

Which antihypertensives are widely used in pregnancy?

A

Labetalol, methyldopa, MR nifedipine

21
Q

What is the target BP for pregnant women in umcomplicated chronic hypertension?

A

<150/100

22
Q

What is the target BP for pregnant women with target organ damage?

A

<140/90

23
Q

Women treated with methyldopa while pregnant should restart their original antihypertensive within how many days of birth?

A

2 days

24
Q

What women are at high risk of developing pre-eclampsia??

A

If they have CKD, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, chronic HTN or if they have had HTN in a previous pregnancy

25
Q

Women at high risk of pre-eclampsia need to take what from 12 weeks of pregnancy until the baby is born?

A

aspirin

26
Q

Women with pre-eclampsia or gestational HTN should receive initial treatment with what?

A

Oral labetalol

27
Q

What is the target BP for women with pre-eclampsia or gestational HTN?

A

<150mmHg systolic and diastolic 80-100mmHg

28
Q

What BP would warrant critical care for a pregnant woman?

A

160/110mmHg or above

29
Q

What is a hypertensive emergency defined as?

A

Severe HTN with acute damage to the target organs

30
Q

In a hypertensive emergency, BP should be reduced how?

A

Over the first few minutes or within 2 hours, BP should be reduced by 20-25%

31
Q

What are the IV options for a hypertensive emergency?

A

sodium nitroprusside, nicardipine HCl, labetalol HCl, GTN, phentolamine mesilate, hydalazine HCl or esmolol HCl

32
Q

What is severe HTN (BP)?

A

180/110 or above

33
Q

What is hypertensive urgency?

A

Severe HTN without acute target organ damage

34
Q

How should BP be reduced in hypertensive urgency?

A

gradually over 24-48 hours with oral antihypertensives

35
Q

What drugs are used in the short term management of hypertensive episodes in phaeochromocytoma?

A

alpha blockers

36
Q

Tachycardia can be controlled using what in hypertensive episodes in phaeochromocytoma?

A

Beta blockers

Pre-reg (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions