Hyperthyroidism Flashcards Preview

Endocrinology > Hyperthyroidism > Flashcards

Flashcards in Hyperthyroidism Deck (6)
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1
Q

Define thyrotoxicosis

A

Clinical effect of excess thyroid hormone, usually from gland hyperfunction

2
Q

Outline the symptoms & signs of hyperthyroidism

A

Symptoms & signs THYROIDISM

  • Tremor
  • Heart - rate fast & irregular, palpitations
  • Your neck’s fat..
  • Restlessness
  • Oligomenorrhoea +/- infertility
  • Irritable
  • Diarrhoea, weight loss
  • I’s – lid lad & retraction
  • Sweating, heart intolerance
  • Moist skin
3
Q

What are the specific signs of graves disease?

A
  1. Eye disease
    • exophthalmos (eye protrusion)
    • opthalmoplegia (eye muscle paralysis)
  2. Pretibial myxoedema
    • oedema above lateral malleolus (ankle oedema)
  3. Thyroid acropachy
    • clubbing, painful finger & periosteal reaction in limb bones
4
Q

Outline the investigations for hyperthyroidism

A
  • Low TSH (suppressed) & High T3 & T4
  • Thyroid autoantibodies?
  • If opthalmopathy - check visual fields
5
Q

Outline the causes of hyperthyroidism

A
  • Graves disease
    • Circulating IgG antibodies ⇒ thyrotropin ⇒ thyroid enlargement & inc T3/T4
    • Middle-aged females
  • Toxic multinodular goitre
    • Nodules secrete thyroid hormone
    • Elderly & iodine deficient
  • Toxic adenoma
    • Solitary nodule producing T3/ T4
    • Isotope scan shows hot nodule
  • Ectopic thyroid disease
    • Metastatic folliculr thyroid cancer or struma ovarri
  • Exogenous
    • Iodine excess
6
Q

How would you treat thyrotoxicosis?

A
  1. Carbimazole - anti-thyroid
  2. Radioiodine131
  3. Thyroidectomy - risk to laryngeal nerve (hoarse voice) & hypoparathyroidism