Hypodontia

Question 1

What is the aetiology of hypodontia?

Answer 1

Non-syndromic
–mutations in at least 3 genes associated with missing teeth in non-syndromic hypodontia
–familial
–sporadic
Syndromic
– >100 craniofacial syndromes associated with hypodontia
–cleft lip and palate
–anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia
Environmental
–trauma
–radiotherapy/chemotherapy

Question 2

What clinical disruptions can be associated with hypodontia?

Answer 2

Delayed or asymmetric eruption
Retained or infra-occluded deciduous teeth
Absent deciduous teeth (most likely to be missing permanent successor as well)
Tooth form

Question 3

Name 4 associated problems in patients with hypodontia.

Answer 3

Microdontia
Short roots
Impaction
Crowding
Taurodontism (elongated pulp chamber)
Enamel hypoplasia
Altered craniofacial growth

Question 4

What are the potential problems in patients with hypodontia?

Answer 4

Spacing
Drifting
Over-eruption
Aesthetic impairment
Functional problems

Question 5

What effect can infra-occlusion have on roots?

Answer 5

Tipping of the roots
Especially in the maxilla

Question 6

What are the treatment options for hypodontia of the upper lateral incisors?

Answer 6

Accept
Restorative alone
Orthodontics alone
Combined orthodontic & restorative treatment