Hypovolemia vs Hypervolemia

Question 1

Causes of hypovolemia

Answer 1

Loss of fluid anywhere

Examples Trauma, GI losses, NG tube, Hemorrhage

Third Spacing Burns and Ascites

Diabetes Diuretics and DI

Question 2

Fluid that shifts from the intravascular space into the interstitial space called

Answer 2

Third spacing

Question 3

Causes of Hypervolemia

Answer 3

Heart Failure
Renal Failure
Cirrhosis
Increased Sodium Intake

Question 4

S/S of Hypovolemia

Answer 4

Flat Neck Veins

Increased
HR, RR, Urine Specific Gravity

Decreased
BP, CVP, Weight, Skin Turgor, Urine Output

Question 5

S/S of Hypervolemia

Answer 5

JVD
Increased
HR, BP, Weight, CVP, Edema, Polyuria

Wet Lung Sounds ex : crackles due to backflow of blood

Question 6

Lab values for dehydration will be

Answer 6

HIGH. Everything concentrated.

Question 7

Lab values for overhydration will be?

Answer 7

Low because everything will be diluted.

Question 8

Tx and Nursing considerations for Hypovolemia

Answer 8

Fluid Replacement via IV or PO
Safety Precautions due to orthostatic hypotension
Daily weight I&O

Question 9

Tx and Nursing considerations for Hypervolemia

Answer 9

Low sodium diet
Daily weight
Diuretics
High Fowlers or Semi