HYPOXIC ISHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY

Question 1

AAP criteria to diagnose perinatal criteria / HIE

Answer 1

🌟Prolonged metabolic acidosis , pH <7 of Umbilical arterial blood sample
🌟persistence of APGAR score 0-3 for more than 5 min
🌟Signs of CNS dysfunction - seizures, hypotonia etc
🌟Signs of Multi organ dysfunction

Question 2

Most common cause of Neonatal seizures

Answer 2

HIE

Question 3

WHO DEFN of Birth Asphyxia

Answer 3

A baby who has failed to initiate or sustain breathing
APGAR score at 1 min is 4-7

Question 4

NNF DEFN of Birth Asphyxia

Answer 4

National neonataology forum

APGAR score 0-3 at 1 min

Question 5

Most sensitive structure to hypoxia

Answer 5

Neurons

Question 6

Staging system used in HIE

Answer 6

Sarnat and sarnat
3 stages

Question 7

Pattern of HIE in TERM baby

Answer 7

Parasagittal infarcts
Spastic quadriplegia
Selective cortical neuronal necrosis
Status marmoratus of basal ganglia and thalamus

Question 8

Pattern of HIE in Preterm baby

Answer 8

Periventricular leuckomalacia
Periventricular white matter affected
Causes Spastic diplegia
Lower limb tone is more than upper limb selective sub cortical neuronal necrosis

Question 9

Factors affecting area of brain involved

Answer 9

Gestational age
Metabolic demand of brain
Blood supply