Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Immunology and Healthcare > IAH 3 - Innate immune cell functions > Flashcards

IAH 3 - Innate immune cell functions Flashcards

1
Q

During life what is red bone marrow replaced with?

A

Yellow bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How come if bed ridden, patients can accumulate lymph?

A

Lymph flow relies on muscular activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does red bone marrow produce?

A

Leukocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is red bone marrow homeostatically controlled?

A

Different branches can be switched on/off depending on demands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the thymus produce?

A

T-lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is shape of the thymus?

A

Small bilobed organ above the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is haematopoiesis?

A

Blood cell development in the bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is haematopoiesis driven by?

A

Cytokine production and stroma?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the stroma?

A

Connective tissue cells which have a structural/functional role in every organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 2 mechanisms of WBC production?

A

Lymphoid and myeloid line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does NK cells stand for?

A

Natural Killer cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of immunity are NK cells involved with?

A

Anti viral immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the outer layer of the thymus?

A

Fibrous capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 main sections of the thymus?

A

Medulla (inner)

Cortex (outer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are T cells maturated?

A

Useless T-cells destroyed and useful are retained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which section of the thymus have increased T cells?

A

Cortex

17
Q

What is secondary lymphoid tissue made of?

A

Aggregates of leukocytes (lymphocytes/DCs/macrophages) and stromal cells

18
Q

What do secondary lymphoid tissue capture?

A

Antigens and APCs from sites of infection

19
Q

What infection and bacteria does the spleen protect against?

A

Blood-borne infections-especially encapsulated bacteria

Cleans blood as it has a we;; developed blood supply

20
Q

Where is mucosa associated lymph tissue found and why?

A

Airways, GI/urogenitary tract Exposed to environment most pathogens will enter body this way)

21
Q

What is the importance of the germinal centres within the lymph nodes?

A

B/T cells are activated because of dendritic cells bringing antigen forwards

22
Q

Where is Peyer’s patch found?

A

Small intestine

23
Q

What is the function of M cells?

A

Take up pathogenic antigens and provide to WBCs in Peyer’s patch

24
Q

Where are M cells found?

A

Between microvilli in the DI

25
Q

What is waldyer’s ring?

A

Ring of lymphoid tissue at the back of the throat

26
Q

What is the difference between the epithelium in the tonsil and peyer’s patch?

A

Epithelium in Peyer’s patch and no in the tonsil

27
Q

Where is MALT tissue found?

A

Gut, tonsillar tissue and thymus

28
Q

What is the precursor of macrophages?

A

Monocytes

29
Q

What is the lifetime of macrophages?

A

Long lived

30
Q

What is the function of macrophages?

A
  • Signal neutrophils and initiate inflammation via cytokines
  • Presenting antigens and activating T cells
  • Acts as scavenger cells to clear debris and dead cells
31
Q

What is the lifetime of neutrophils?

A

Short lived

32
Q

What is phagocytosis driven by?

A

Receptors on neutrophils such as complement Fc

33
Q

What occurs in phagocytosis?

A
  • Pathogen internalised into phagosome
  • Phagosome acidified (kills most pathogens)
  • Fuses with lysosomes to form phagolysosome
34
Q

What type of granules do neutrophils have? And what do they contain?

A

Primary and secondary

Containing additional enzymes and AMPs

35
Q

What is the function of the dendritic cells?

A
  • Present antigen in the initiation of immune responses in secondary lymphoid tissues (lymph nodes and MALT)
  • Take up antigens in the periphery, pass via the lymph node and present antigens to B/T cells
  • Phagocytose microorganisms and antigens in tissues
36
Q

Which WBCs are APCs?

A

DCs, macrophages and B-cells

37
Q

What is within mast cell granules? And what does this cause?

A

Histamine

Inducing muscle contraction or wheezing

38
Q

What is the aim of mast cells to get rid of?

A

Aim to get rid of parasites

Immunology and Healthcare (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions