IBS Flashcards
IBS:
What is IBS?
What are symptoms?
Common chronic, relapsing and life-long condition , mainly affecting women ages 20 and 30 years.
Symptoms; abdominal pain or discomfort, disordered pooping, passage of mucus
Symptoms are **relieved by defecation **
IBS:
What are lifestyle treatment options?
Limit fresh fruit consumption to no more than 3 portions a day
increased regular activity, eat regularly
increased dietary fibre- soluble fibre e.g isphagula husk, oats
intake of insoluble fibre should be reduced
Increased fluids
avoid sorbitol
IBS:
What are pharmacological treatment options?
1st; antispasmodics
2nd; a laxative (not lactulose)
3rd; Loperamide - 1st line anti motility drug
4th; Low dose TCA- amitriptyline
IBS:
Antispasmodics;
What are the two main classifications?
Antimuscarinics and smooth muscle relaxants
IBS:
Antispasmodics;
What are examples of anti-muscarinics used for IBS?
Used to reduce intestinal motility and are used for gastro-intestinal smooth muscle spasm. They include the tertiary amines;
atropine sulfate and dicycloverine hydrochloride
the quaternary ammonium compounds; propantheline bromide and hyoscine butylbromide.
IBS;
Smooth muscle relaxants;
How do they work and what are examples?
Alverine citrate, mebeverine hydrochloride, and peppermint oil are direct-acting intestinal smooth muscle relaxants and may relieve abdominal pain or spasm in Irritable bowel syndrome.
LOPERAMIDE;
What are indications?
Acute and chronic diarrhoea
faecal incontinence
LOPERAMIDE;
What are effects of overdose?
What is used to treat overdose
Serious cardiovascular events (such as QT prolongation, torsades de pointes, and cardiac arrest), including fatalities
Naloxone
LOPERAMIDE:
What are contraindications?
Active ulcerative colitis
antibiotic-associated colitis
bacterial enterocolitis
conditions where abdominal distension develops; conditions where inhibition of peristalsis should be avoided
