IBS And IBD Flashcards
What are the signs and symptoms
Abdominal pain
Bloating
Changes in bowel habits
Diarrhoea
Constipation
What are the potential causes (6)
Family history
Enteric infection
GI inflammation
Dietary factors (alcohol, caffeine, spicy foods)
Antibiotics
Stress/anxiety
What is the treatment for IBS (7)
Individualised and depends on the symptoms
Keep a diary of foods you have eaten
Avoid triggers
Exercise and have probiotics
Buscopan cramps can be taken to treat bloating
Loperamide for diarrhoea
Laxatives for constipation
When is loperamide not recommended for diarrhoea
Blood or mucus in stool - caused by infection (e.g.,food poisoning)
Severe diarrhoea after having antibiotics
Flare up of IBS
What is IBD
Immune mediated disease of intestines
Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis
What symptoms can be caused by both crohns or ulcerative colitis
Diarrhoea
Abdominal pain
Rectal bleeding from inflamed or ulcerative colonic mucosa
Malnutrition
Weight loss
Systemic features associated with CD and UC
Anaemia
Fatigue
Malaise
Arthritis
Skin rashes
Differentiate between CD and UC
UC - inflamed localised colonic mucosa, affects large intestine only, inflammation starts from rectum
CD - inflammation affects part of the intestine, presents as patches of inflammation, from submucosa to deeper layers
What age can IBD present
20-40
Second peak is in late middle age
What does IBD treatment involve
Immunosuppressants
Surgery
What is the aetiology of IBD
Unknown
Combination of genetic and environmental triggers
Diet
Immunological reactivity
Which ethnic group is IBD more common in
Caucasian
Which gene has been identified in CD
NOD2
Codes for intracellular receptor for bacterial cell wall components
Expressed in monocytes and paneth cells
How does smoking affect CD and UC
Non smokers are more prone to UC than smokers
Heavy smokers are more susceptible to UC if they’ve stopped within 2 years
CD is more common in smokers
What does colitis cause in IBD
Diarrhoea which has pus blood or mucus in it
