IC Ch 16&17

Question 1

Needs oxygen to live and grow

Answer 1

Aerobic

Question 2

Able to live and grow only in the absence of oxygen

Answer 2

Anaerobic

Question 3

An agent that is able to kill or destroy bacteria

Answer 3

Bactericides

Question 4

Microorganisms take up residence and grow.

Answer 4

Colonization

Question 5

An infection that was present or incubating before the patient came in contact with healthcare

Answer 5

Community Associated Infection

Question 6

Transmission of infectious microorganisms from one person or object to another

Answer 6

Cross Contamination

Question 7

Propagation of living organisms or tissue in special media conducive to their growth.

Answer 7

Culture

Question 8

An agent that reduces the number of viable microorganisms

Answer 8

Disinfectant

Question 9

A heat stable toxin associated with the outer membranes of certain gram negative bacteria that is released when the cells are disrupted

Answer 9

Endotoxin

Question 10

An unstable, highly toxic by product of select microorganisms that can be found in both gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Answer 10

Exotoxins

Question 11

Fluid in or on tissue surfaces that has escaped from blood vessels in response to inflammation and that contains protein and cellular debris

Answer 11

Exudate

Question 12

Bacteria that lose the stain in the gram method of staining

Answer 12

Gram negative

Question 13

Bacteria that retain the stain in the gram method of staining

Answer 13

Gram positive

Question 14

Infection that was not present or incubating on admission to a health care facility; acquired during hospitalization

Answer 14

Health care associated infection

Question 15

An animal or plant that harbors and provides sustenance for another organism

Answer 15

Host

Question 16

Invasion and multiplication in body tissues of microorganisms that cause cellular energy

Answer 16

Infection

Question 17

Localized response caused by injury or destruction of tissues that serves to contain the injurious agent and injured tissue

Answer 17

Inflammation

Question 18

Increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood, resulting from infection or other causes

Answer 18

Leukocytes is

Question 19

Cells capable of ingesting particulate matter

Answer 19

Phagocytes

Question 20

The engulfing of microorganisms and foreign particles by phagocytes

Answer 20

Phagocytosis

Question 21

Oval bodies formed within bacteria as a resting stage during the life cycle of the cell; characterized by resistance to environmental changes.

Answer 21

Spores

Question 22

A poison; a poisonous protein produced by certain bacteria

Answer 22

Toxin

Question 23

Carrier that transports an infective agent from one host to another, such as animals, insects and rodents

Answer 23

Vector

Question 24

Degree to which a microorganism can cause infection in the host or invade the host.

Answer 24

Virulence

Question 25

Duration of a surgical scrub

Answer 25

2-4 min

Question 26

Stages of infection

Answer 26

Incubation Prodromal Illness Convalescent

Question 27

What would the reservoir be for pneumonia

Answer 27

Lung

Question 28

Sequence of the inflammatory response

Answer 28

``` Cell Injury Vasodilation Redness Edema Release of histamine ```

Question 29

Small round or rod shaped microorganisms that are transmitted by nites of lice, ticks, fleas, and mites

Answer 29

Rickettsia | Ex Rocky Mountain Fever

Question 30

Extremely small and can be seen only with an electron microscope, can replicate and grow only in a living cell

Answer 30

Viruses

Question 31

Protein particles that lack nucleus acids and are not inactivated by usual methods of destroying bacteria or viruses

Answer 31

Prions | Ex mad cow disease

Question 32

Parasitic worms or flukes belonging to the animal kingdom

Answer 32

Helminths | Ex pin worms

Question 33

Tiny primitive organisms of the plant kingdom that contain no chlorophyll

Answer 33

Fungi | Ex yeast and molds

Question 34

One called microscopic organisms belonging to the animal kingdom

Answer 34

Protozoa | Ex malaria

Question 35

Protection transferred from mother to fetus is

Answer 35

Natural passive immunity

Question 36

Receiving covid vaccine is what type of immunity

Answer 36

Artificial active immunity

Question 37

What type of precautions for measles

Answer 37

Airborne

Question 38

Influenza is what type of precaution

Answer 38

Droplet

Question 39

C diff patient should be on what precautions

Answer 39

Contact | Must wash with soap and water