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PR3153 > IC1 > Flashcards

IC1 Flashcards

1
Q

What constitutes the peripheral nervous system

A

All neurons outside brain/ spinal cord

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2
Q

What does CNS include

A

Brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

Forebrain includes…

A
  • Cerebrum
  • Diencephalon
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4
Q

Hindbrain includes…

A
  • Cerebellum
  • Pons
  • Medulla oblongata
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5
Q

Brainstem includes…

A
  • Midbrain
  • Pons
  • Medulla oblongata
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6
Q

spinal cord is located in the ____

A

vertebral column

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7
Q

Spinal cord is protected by ____ and surrounded by ____

A

meninges; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

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8
Q

Num of pairs of cranial nerves

A

12 pairs

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9
Q

Num of pairs of spinal nerves

A

31 pairs

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10
Q

The cerebral cortex is a layer of ____ on the surface of the hemispheres

A

grey matter

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11
Q

How to differentiate btw gyri and sulci

A

Sulci are the indentations while gyri are the outer grooves

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12
Q

Difference btw anterior and superior

A

Anterior means in front; superior means above

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13
Q

Non-neuronal cells are also known as ___

A

glial cells

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14
Q

Are glial cells involved in conduction?

A

No, they are non-conducting

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15
Q

Neuron or non-neuronal cells make up the majority?

A

Non-neuronal; found 10x more

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16
Q

Role of non-neuronal cells

A

Support and protect neurons

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17
Q

Role of neuronal cells

A

Generate/Conduct impulses and are excitable

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18
Q

Do neurons contain nucleus?

A

Yes

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19
Q

Role of axons

A

Conduct impulses away from cell body of neuron

20
Q

The axonal cytoplasm (axoplasm) lacks ______

A

ribosomes, RER, and the Golgi apparatus

21
Q

Role of dendrites

A

Conduct impulses toward the cell body of neuron

22
Q

Dendrites contain all the cytoplasmic components found in the cell body except the ____

A

Golgi apparatus

23
Q

Examples of glial cells

A

astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia

24
Q

Which glial cell type makes up the majority

A

Oligodendrocytes

25
Q

Role of oligodendrocytes

A

White matter:
Myelin sheath formation around myelinated fibers in white matter

Grey matter:
Closely a/w neuronal cells & Function as satellite cells

26
Q

Main role of astrocytes

A
  • Structural support (to neurons & esp synapses)
  • Regulate entry of substances
  • Regulate homeostasis of glutamate
  • Scar formation
27
Q

Main role of microglia

A

Contains Brain macrophages and immunocompetent cells of CNS

28
Q

Largest glial cell

A

Astrocytes

29
Q

Type of astrocyte in grey matter

A

Protoplasmic astrocytes

30
Q

Type of astrocyte in white matter

A

Fibrous astrocytes

31
Q

PNS: _____ form the myelin sheath around myelinated axons

A

Schwann cells

32
Q

in the CNS, individual oligodendrocytes myelinate portions of ____

A

several axons

33
Q

In the PNS, individual Schwann cells myelinate portions of ____

A

a single axon

34
Q

The vertebral artery originates from the _____ in the neck.

A

subclavian artery

35
Q

The two vertebral arteries join to form the a single artery in the midline - the _____.

A

basilar artery

36
Q

The internal carotid artery originates from the ______ in the neck.

A

common carotid artery

37
Q

Blood from the brain drains into venous sinuses, which eventually empty into the _____.

A

internal jugular vein

38
Q

The superficial middle cerebral vein drains into the _____

A

cavernous sinus

39
Q

Blood from the centre of the brain drains into the ______.

A

deep cerebral veins

40
Q

Subdural hemorrhage can be due to a rupture of the ____

A

cerebral vein

41
Q

Because venous pressure is____, seepage is slow from subdural hemorrhage.

A

low

42
Q

Capillaries of the brain have _____ between endothelial cells, forming the _____

A

tight junctions; blood brain barrier

43
Q

Do brains have lymphatic channels?

A

No

44
Q

Role of CSF

A
  • absorb shock waves from blows and falls
  • helps to remove metabolites from brain
45
Q

Where is CSF produced

A

Produced by choroid plexus in the cerebral ventricles

PR3153 (17 decks)

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