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iCEV Plant Science > iCEV Plant Science Part 4 > Flashcards

iCEV Plant Science Part 4 Flashcards

(82 cards)

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1
Q

Macronutrients

A

Required in a relatively large proportion for the growth and development of plants

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2
Q

Micronutrients

A

Nutrients required in a smaller amount

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3
Q

Fertilizer

A

Source of plant nutrients used to supply one or more of the essential nutrient elements to the plant

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4
Q

Fertilizer Analysis

A

Grade of the fertilizer

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5
Q

WIN

A

Water Insoluble Nitrogen

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6
Q

WSN

A

Water Soluble Nitrogen

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7
Q

Complete fertilizer

A

Contains the three macronutrients: Nitrogen, Phosphate and Potassium

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8
Q

Incomplete Fertilizer

A

Missing at least one of the major components of Nitrogen, Phosphate and Potassium

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9
Q

Special Purpose Fertilizers

A

Packaged for certain uses or types of plants

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10
Q

Slow Release Fertilizers

A

Release nutrients at a rate which makes them available to the plants over a long period of time

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11
Q

Organic Fertilizers

A

Derived solely from the remains or by-products of a once-living organism

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12
Q

Broadcasting

A

Completed by evenly spreading the recommended rate of fertilizer over the growing area

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13
Q

Foliar Feeding

A

Refers to the application of fertilizers to plant foliage

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14
Q

Pests

A

Any life form that competes for resources or can be dangerous to another’s health

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15
Q

Nematodes

A

Parasites, sustains life and gains nutrition from another source

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16
Q

Disease

A

Any condition in a plant caused by living and nonliving agents that interferes with its normal growth and development

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17
Q

Pesticide

A

Any substance that reduces, prevents, repels or eliminates pests

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18
Q

Insecticides

A

Affect insects

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19
Q

Molluscicides

A

Affect snails

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20
Q

Nematicides

A

Affect nematodes

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21
Q

Rodenticides

A

Affect rodents

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22
Q

Avicides

A

Affect birds

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23
Q

Piscicides

A

Affect fish

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24
Q

Herbicides

A

Affect weeds

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25
Fungicides
Affect Funguses
26
Bacteriacides
Affect bacteria and disease causing organisms
27
Disinfectants
Kill microorganisms present in the shortest time with no damage to the contaminated substrate
28
Biorational Pesticides
Considered to be environmentally friendly
29
H2O
Two positively charged hydrogen atoms coupled with a negatively charged oxygen atom which make up one molecule of water
30
Cohesion
Water sticking to water
31
Adhesion
Water sticking to other materials
32
Surface Tension
Effect within the surface layer of the liquid which causes the liquid to assume the shape having the least surface area
33
Capillary Action
Movement of water within the spaces of a porous material due to the forces of adhesion, cohesion and surface tension
34
Solvent
Substances capable of dissolving or dispersing one or more other substances
35
Hydrophilic Substance
Substance which mixes easily with water
36
Hydrophobic Substance
Substance which does not mix well with water
37
pH
Potential of hydrogen measured of a scale of 0 to 14 ( 0 = very acidic, 7 = neutral, 14 = very basic)
38
Acid
Substance with a low pH level, more free hydrogen ions than hydroxyl ions
39
Base
Substance with a high pH, fewer free hydrogen ions than hydroxyl ions
40
Specific Heat
Amount of energy required to change the temperature of a substance by 1 degree C
41
Aquifer
Underground layer of gravel, earth or porous rock which contains water
42
Groundwater
Water located beneath the earths surface
43
Groundwater Depletion
Occurs when groundwater is pumped out faster than it is replenished
44
Water table
Upper surface of groundwater
45
Land Subsidence
Lowering of the earths crust due to the loss of support from beneath the ground
46
Surface Water
Any water in the form of rivers, streams, creeks, lakes and reservoirs
47
Rivers, Streams and Creeks
forms of flowing water which run over the land from a higher elevation
48
Lake
Surface water runoff which has collected in a low spot
49
Reservoir
Lake created by placing a dam on a river
50
Wetlands
Areas where water covers soil, or is present at or near the surface for various periods of time during the year
51
Saline Water
Salt Water
52
Fresh water
Water containing less than 1,000 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids such as salt
53
Hydrologic Cycle
Movement and endless circulation of water between the atmosphere and the earth through condensation, precipitation, evaporation and transpiration
54
Water Storage
Water which is locked in its current state for a relatively long period of time
55
Evaporation
Process by which water changes from liquid form to a gas or vapor form
56
Clouds
visible form of condensed water in the atmosphere
57
Condensation
Process by which water vapor in the air is changed into a liquid form
58
Precipitation
water released from the clouds in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow or hail
59
Snow/Ice Runoff
Water released into the the water system due to melting snow and ice
60
Surface Runoff
Precipitation runoff which travels over the lands surface to the nearest stream or river
61
Streamflow
Movement of water in a natural channel such as creek, stream or rover
62
Watershed
Area of land where all water which falls drains off and goes to the same place
63
Transpiration
Process by which plants return water to the atmosphere
64
Evapotrsnspiration
Loss of water from the soil by both evaporation and transpiration from plants growing on it
65
Infiltration
Water seeping into the soil (at the surface)
66
Percolation
Water moving within the soil (below the surface)
67
Spring
Water flowing naturally from the earth due to the overflow of an aquifer
68
Water quality
Measure of value of water for a particular use based on the physical, chemical and biological characteristics
69
Polluted Water
Body of water which is negatively affected by the addition of large amounts of minerals or pathogens
70
Point Source Pollution
When the contamination can be traced to a specific point of discharge
71
Non-Point Source Pollution
When the contamination cannot be traced to a specific point of discharge
72
Turbidity
Measure of sediment or foreign particles stirred up or suspended in a body of water
73
Wastewater
Sewage, Stormwater or water which has been used for various things in the community
74
Water Rights
Rights of a person to use water from a particular source whether it is from surface water or groundwater
75
Watershed
Area of land between two high points where all water drains to a common area below
76
Impermeable
Surface which liquid can not pass through
77
Erosion
Process of removing material from the earths surface by wind, water or chemical processes
78
Drainage Pattern
Configuration or Pattern of a water drainage system
79
Acre Inch
Amount of water required to cover one acre of land with one inch of water
80
Acre Foot
Amount of water required to cover one acre of land with 12 inches of water
81
non-point Source Pollutants
Pollutants which originate from a non-specific source which are commonly transported by water runoff
82
Recede
Process of withdrawing or shrinking

iCEV Plant Science (4 decks)

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