ICP-32 Clinically Relevant Anatomy Flashcards
(36 cards)
What are the 12 Cranial Nerves
1 - Olfactory 2 - Optic 3 - Oculomotor 4 - Trochlear 5 - Trigeminal 6 - Abducens 7 - Facial 8 - Vestibulocochlear 9 - Glossopharyngeal 10 - Vagus 11 - Accessory 12 - Hypoglossal
What does the trigeminal nerve innervate
The muscles of mastication, facial expression and the sinuses and teeth
What is the largest cranial nerve
The trigeminal nerve
Is the trigeminal nerve mainly sensory or motor
Sensory
What are the 3 main branches of the trigeminal nerve
Ophthalmic (V1)
Maxillary (V2)
Mandibular (V3)
What do the branches of the Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve innervate
The upper teeth and their supporting structures
What branches of the Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve are important in anaesthetics
- Posterior superior alveolar nerve
- Middle superior alveolar nerve
- Anterior superior alveolar nerve
- Nasopalatine nerve
- Greater and lesser palatine nerves
What structures does the posterior superior alveolar nerve innervate
Second and third molars, distobuccal and palatal cusp of the first molar and adjacent gingiva, mucosa, periodontium and buccal alveolar bone
What structures does the middle superior alveolar nerve innervate
Mesiobuccal cusp of the first molar, premolars and adjacent gingiva, mucosa and periodontium and buccal alveolar bone
What structures does the anterior superior alveolar nerve innervate
Canines, incisors and adjacent buccal gingiva, mucosa, periodontium and buccal alveolar nerve
What structures does the greater palatine nerve innervate
Palatal mucosa and bone adjacent to molars and premolars and canines
What structures does the lesser palatine nerve innervate
Soft palate and uvula
What structures does the nasopalatine nerve innervate
Palatal mucosa and bone adjacent to incisors and canines
Where is anaesthesia deposited to anaesthetise maxillary teeth and why
At the buccal side of the maxilla that infiltrates to the pulp of the teeth to produce anaesthesia this is because the cortical plate on the buccal side of the maxilla is thin, by injecting the solution above one tooth you will often get anaesthesia of adjacent teeth as well
Where would we aim to inject the LA and what structures will the needle pass through to get there
The stratified squamous epithelium and keratinised layer, through the lamina propria and aim to deposit the LA in the CT layer above the periosteum and bone, whilst trying to avoid any main vessels
Where does the nasopalatine nerve exit the maxilla
Incisive papillae
Where does the greater and lesser palatine nerves exit the maxilla
At the greater and lesser palatine foramen
What LA administration techniques are there in the palate
Infiltration or block techniques
Infiltration of how much LA deposited where will anaesthetise the palatal tings
0.2 ml into the palatal mucosa just distal to the tooth of interest
What will infiltration of the palatal mucosa anaesthetise
The palatal mucosa and periodontium anterior to the point of infiltration up to the canine region
When carrying out palatal infiltrations what is different about the upper third molar and why
Unlike all other teeth the infiltration of the upper third molar, the solution should be deposited at the anterior aspect of the tooth as the greater palatine foramen lies anterior to the third molar tooth and the nerve supplying this region travels in a posterior region
When anaesthetising the anterior region (canines and beyond i think) what kind of LA admin is preferred
Nasopalatine nerve block
How do you know whether or not to anaesthetise both the palatal mucosa and main nerve supply
Depends on procedure:
Extraction = both buccal and palatal nerve supply
Restorative procedures - usually anaesthesia of the main nerve supply is enough
What structures does the inferior alveolar nerve innervate
Mandibular teeth and alveolus
