ID I - ABX Coverages

Question 1

Natural penicillins - coverage

Answer 1

-Strep.
-Enterococci
-NOT STAPH!
-Gram positive anaerobic mouth flora (peptostreptococci, actinomyces)

Question 2

Natural penicillins - drugs

Answer 2

-Penicillin V Potassium
-Penicillin G Aqueous
-Penicillin G benzathine (will cover VRE E. faecalis)

Question 3

Aminopenicillins - coverage

Answer 3

-Strep.
-Enterococci
-NOT STAPH!
-Gram positive anaerobic mouth flora (peptostreptococci, actinomyces)
-HNPE

Question 4

Aminopenicillins + beta lactamase inhibitors - coverage

Answer 4

-Strep.
-Enterococci
-Staph. coverage
-Gram positive anaerobic mouth flora (peptostreptococci, actinomyces)
-HNPEK
-B. fragilis (gram negative anaerobe)

Question 5

Aminopenicillins - drugs

Answer 5

-Amoxicillin
-Ampicillin

Question 6

Extended-Spectrum Penicillin + beta lactamase inhibitor - drug AND coverage

Answer 6

Drug: piperacillin-tazobactam
Coverage (broad):
-Strep.
-Enterococci
-Staph. coverage
-Gram positive anaerobic mouth flora (peptostreptococci, actinomyces)
-HNPEK
-B. fragilis (gram negative anaerobe)
-CAPES
-P. aeruginosa

Question 7

Antistaphylococcal penicillins - coverage

Answer 7

-Staph.
-Strep.

Question 8

Antistaphylococcal penicillins - drugs

Answer 8

-Dicloxacillin
-Nafcillin
-Oxacillin

Question 9

1st Gen Cephalosporins - coverage

Answer 9

-Staph.
-Strep.
-Some PEK coverage; increases as generations increase

Question 10

1st Gen Cephalosporins - drugs

Answer 10

-Cefazolin
-Cephalexin
-Cefadroxil

Question 11

2nd Generation Cephalosporins - coverage

Answer 11

-Staph.
-Strep.
-HNPEK
*-B. fragilis

Question 12

2nd Generation Cephalosporins - drugs

Answer 12

-Cefuroxime
-Cefaclor
-Cefprozil
*-Cefotetan
*-Cefoxitin

Question 13

3rd Generations Cephalosporins Group 1 - coverage

Answer 13

-Staph.
-Strep.
-HNPEK
-Gram positive anaerobic mouth flora (peptostreptococci, actinomyces)

Question 14

3rd Generation Cephalosporins Group 1 - drugs

Answer 14

-Ceftriaxone
-Cefotaxime
-Cefdinir
-Cefditoren
-Cefixime
-Cefpodoxime
-Ceftibuten

Question 15

3rd Generation Cephalosporins Group 2 - coverage

Answer 15

-NO GRAM POSITIVE ACTIVITY
-Pseudomonas

Question 16

3rd Generation Cephalosporins Group 2 + beta lactamase inhibitors - coverage

Answer 16

-MDR Pseudomonas
-MDR gram negative rods, including ESBL producing

Question 17

3rd Generation Cephalosporins Group 2 - drugs

Answer 17

-Ceftazidime
-Ceftolozane

Question 18

4th Gen Cephalosporins - coverage AND drug

Answer 18

Drug: cefepime
-Staph.
-Strep.
-Gram positive anaerobic mouth flora (peptostreptococci, actinomyces)
-HNPEK
-CAPES
-Pseudomonas

Question 19

5th Gen Cephalosporin- coverage AND drug

Answer 19

Drug: Ceftaroline
-BROAD GRAM POSITIVE (includes MRSA)
-HNPEK

Question 20

Carbapenems - coverage, and the exception

Answer 20

Everything EXCEPT:
-Atypicals
-MRSA
-C. diff
-Stenotrophomonas
-VRE
-Enterococcus faecium

EXCEPTION: ertapenem additionally DOES NOT COVER:
-Pseudomonas
-Acinetobacter
-Enterococcus

Question 21

Aztreonam - coverage

Answer 21

-Gram negatives, including pseudomonas
-NO GRAM POSITIVE or ANAEROBIC

Question 22

Aminoglycosides - coverage

Answer 22

-Gram negatives, including pseudomonas and ESBL
-Gentamicin and streptomycin used in synergy for some gram-positive infections
-Streptomycin and amikacin are second-line for some Mycobacterial infections

Question 23

Respiratory fluoroquinolones - drugs

Answer 23

-Gemifloxacin
-Levofloxacin
-Moxifloxacin

Question 24

Fluoroquinolones that cover Pseudomonas - drugs

Answer 24

-Ciprofloxacin
-Levofloxacin

Question 25

Fluoroquinolone that CANNOT be used or UTI

Answer 25

Moxifloxacin

Question 26

Macrolides - coverage

Answer 26

Atypicals

Question 27

Tetracyclines - coverage

Answer 27

-Gram positives -VRE ONLY in cystitis -Gram negatives -Atypicals -Spirochetes -Rickettsiae -T. pallidum -Bacillus anthracis

Question 28

SMX/TMP - coverage

Answer 28

-Staph. (including MRSA) -Many gram negatives, notably Shigella, Salmonella, and Stenotrophomonas -NOT PSEUDOMONAS -Opportunistic pathogens: Nocardia, pneumocystis, toxoplasmosis

Question 29

Vancomycin and Lipoglycopeptides - coverage

Answer 29

-Gram positives only, including MRSA -NOT VRE -Vancomycin PO covers C. diff

Question 30

Daptomycin - coverage

Answer 30

-Gram positives, including MRSA and both VRE

Question 31

OxaZOLIDinones - coverage

Answer 31

-Gram positives, including MRSA (eh) and both VRE

Question 32

Tigecycline - coverage

Answer 32

Everything EXCEPT 3 P's: -Pseudomonas -Proteus -Providencia

Question 33

Polymyxins - coverage

Answer 33

-Broad-spectrum gram negatives EXCEPT Proteus

Question 34

Clindamycin - coverage

Answer 34

-Gram positives including MRSA -NOT ENTEROCOCCI -Anaerobes

Question 35

Metronidazole and Tinidazole - coverage

Answer 35

-Protozoa -Anaerobes (metronidazole ONLY)

Question 36

Fosfomycin - coverage

Answer 36

-E. coli (includes ESBLs) -E. faecalis (including VRE)

Question 37

Nitrofurantoin - coverage

Answer 37

-S. aureus -Enterococcus (VRE) -Enterobacter -E. coli -Klebsiella