ID Rapid Review

Question 1

most common causes of FUO

Answer 1

infection, cancer, and autoimmune disease

Question 2

signs/sx of streptococcal pharyngitis

Answer 2

fever, tender anterior cervical LN, tonsillar exudate, lack of cough

Question 3

non suppurative complication of streptococcal infection that is NOT altered by treatment of primary infection

Answer 3

postinfectious glomerulonephritis

Question 4

most common predisposing factor for acute sinusitis

Answer 4

viral URI

Question 5

asplenic patients are particularly susceptible to these organisms

Answer 5

Encapsulated organisms!

strep pneumo, meningococcus (neisseria meningitidis), H flu, klebsiella

Question 6

The number of bacteria needed on a clean catch specimen to dx a UTI

Answer 6

10^5 bacteria/mL

Question 7

A patient from California or Arizona presents with fever, malaise, cough, and night sweats. Dx and treatment

Answer 7

Coccidiomycosis

ampho B

Question 8

nonpainful chancre

Answer 8

primary syphilis

Question 9

“blueberry muffin” rash is characteristic of what congenital infection

Answer 9

rubella

Question 10

meningitis in neonates. causes and treatment

Answer 10

GBS, e coli, listeria. Treat with gentamiin and ampicillin

Question 11

meningitis in infants. causes and treatment

Answer 11

pneumococcus, meningococcus, H flu. treat with cefotaxime and vancomycin

Question 12

What does this mean in the CSF?
low glucose
PMN predominance

Answer 12

bacterial meningitis

Question 13

What does this mean in the CSF?
normal glucose
lymphocytic predominance

Answer 13

“aseptic meningitis”

viral meningitis

Question 14

What does this mean in the CSF?

numerous RBC’s in serial CSF samples

Answer 14

subarachnoid hemorrhage

Question 15

What does this mean in the CSF?

high gamma globulins

Answer 15

MS

Question 16

Initially presents with a pruritic papule with regional LN, evolves into a black eschar after 7-10 days. Treatment?

Answer 16

cutaneous anthrax. Treat with penicillin G or ciprofloxacin

Question 17

findings in tertiary syphilis

Answer 17

tabes dorsalis, general paresis, gummas, argyll robertson pupil, aortitis, aortic root aneurysm

Question 18

findings of secondary lyme disease

Answer 18

arthralgias, migratory polyarthropathies, Bell palsy, myocarditis

Question 19

cold agglutinins

Answer 19

mycoplasma

Question 20

how do you treat thrush

Answer 20

nystatin oral suspension

Question 21

At what CD4 count should PCP PPx be started in an HIV positive patient

Answer 21

CD4 count less than or equal to 200

TMPSMX

Question 22

At what CD4 count should MAC PPx be started

Answer 22

at around less than or equal to 50-100.

clarithromycin/azithromycin

Question 23

risk factors for pyelo

Answer 23

pregnancy, VUR, indwelling catheters, kidneystones

Question 24

when is the neutropenic nadir post chemo?

Answer 24

7-10 days

Question 25

what should erythema migrans make you think

Answer 25

primary lyme disease

Question 26

Classic findings of endocarditis

Answer 26

``` fever and heart murmur osler nodes splinter hemorrhages janeway lesions roth spots ```

Question 27

what causes aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease

Answer 27

parvovirus B19

Question 28

branching rods in an oral infection

Answer 28

actinomyces israelii

Question 29

weakly gram positive, partially acid fast lung infection

Answer 29

nocardia asteroides

Question 30

painful chancroid

Answer 30

haemophilus ducreyi

Question 31

dog or cat bite

Answer 31

pasteurella multocida

Question 32

gardener

Answer 32

sporothrix schenckii

Question 33

raw pork and skeletal muscle cysts

Answer 33

trichinella spiralis

Question 34

sheepherders with liver cysts

Answer 34

echinococcus granulosus

Question 35

perianal itching

Answer 35

enterobus vermicularis

Question 36

meningitis in adults

Answer 36

neisseria meningitidis

Question 37

meningitis in elderly

Answer 37

strep pneumo

Question 38

meningoencephalitis in AIDS

Answer 38

cryptococcus neoformans

Question 39

PNA in an alcoholic, currant jelly sputum

Answer 39

klebsiella

Question 40

malignant external otitis

Answer 40

pseudomonas

Question 41

infection in burn victims

Answer 41

pseudomonas

Question 42

OM from a foot wound puncture

Answer 42

pseudomonas

Question 43

OM in a sickle cell patient

Answer 43

salmonella

Question 44

55 yo M who is a smoker, heavy drinker, presents with new cough and flulike sx. gram stain sh ows no organisms, silver stain of sputum shows gram negative rods.

Answer 44

legionella PNA

Question 45

middle aged man presents with acute onset monoarticular joint pain and b/l Bell palsy.

Answer 45

Lyme disease! from Ixodes tick. give doxcycyline

Question 46

patient develops endocarditis 3 weeks after receiving prosthetic heart valve. what organism?

Answer 46

staph aureus or staph epidermidis

Question 47

pt develops endocarditis in a native heart valve after having a dental cleaning

Answer 47

strep viridans