ID review

Question 1

common infections that involve the upper rsp tract

Answer 1

1. acute sinusitis
2. acute OM
3. acute OE
4. pharyngitis

Question 2

MC of acute sinusitis? what else can cause?

Answer 2

1. s. pneumo
2. h. flu
3. m cat
4. s. aureus
   usually viral in adults

Question 3

first line abx for acute sinusitis? alternatives?

Answer 3

1. amoxicillin+clavulanate (augmentin)
2. doxy or levo

Question 4

MC of acute OM

Answer 4

1. s. pneumo
2. h. flu
3. m. cat
4. streptococcus pyogenes

Question 5

first line abx for OM? alternatives

Answer 5

1. amoxicillin
2. cefuroxime, cefdinir
3. amoxicillin-clavulanate (augmentin)
4. doxycycline (adults only)
5. macrolide if severe PCN allergy

Question 6

MC of otitis externa

Answer 6

1. pseudomonas
2. s. epidermidis
3. s. aureus

Question 7

first line abx for otitis externa? alt?

Answer 7

1. cipro
2. cortisporin (suspension only if eardrum is not visible)

Question 8

MC of pharyngitis

Answer 8

1. strepococcus pyogenes (Group A)
2. viral

Question 9

first line abx for pharyngitis? alts?

Answer 9

1. PCN G, PCN VK, amoxicillin
2. cephalexin (keflex)
3. azithromycin (zithromax)
4. clinda

Question 10

common lower rsp tract infection

Answer 10

CAP

Question 11

MC of CAP?

Answer 11

s. pneumo

Question 12

what causes CAP especially during travel outbreaks/confined spaces, CPAP machines

Answer 12

legionella pneumophila

Question 13

What is the tx for uncomplicated CAP? alternatives?

Answer 13

1. amoxicillin
2. azithromycin/clarithromycin
3. doxy - if macrolide allergy or resistance

Question 14

What can cause complicated CAP

Answer 14

1. comorbidities - COPD, DM, CHF, malignancy, alcoholism, immunosuppression
2. recent abx use within last 3 months
3. requiring admission to hospital

Question 15

tx for complicated CAP? alternatives?

Answer 15

1. rsp fluoroquinolones - levo, moxi
2. augmentin/cephalo + macrolide/doxy

Question 16

MC of uncomplicated cystitis

Answer 16

e. coli

Question 17

first line abx for uncomplicated cystitis? alts?

Answer 17

1. nitrofurantoin
2. TMP-SMX Bactrim
3. fosfonycin
4. cephalos - cefdinir, cephalexin
5. FQ - cipro, levo

Question 18

MC of acute pyelonephritis/complicated UTI

Answer 18

e. coli

Question 19

first line abx for acute pyelonephritis/complicated UTI

Answer 19

cipro

Question 20

what abx do you use for pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis

Answer 20

cefdinir (omnicef)

Question 21

common organisms that cause nonpurulent skin infections

Answer 21

1. s. aureus
2. MRSA
3. GABHS

Question 22

common organisms that cause purulent infections

Answer 22

1. s. aureus
2. MRSA

Question 23

abx for low risk MRSA (outpatient) skin/soft tissue nonpurulent infections

Answer 23

1. PCN VK
2. cephalexin (keflex)
3. dicloxacillin

Question 24

abx for high risk MRSA skin/soft tissue nonpurulent infections

Answer 24

1. clinda
2. bactrim

Question 25

abx for severe empiric tx for skin/soft tissue nonpurulent infections

Answer 25

vancomycin (MRSA) + pip/taz (pseudomonas) then PCN + clinda if just clostridia present

Question 26

abx for purulent mild/moderate skin/soft tissue infection (outpatient) (empiric, MRSA, MSSA)

Answer 26

1. empiric - SMX-TMP (bactrim) - clinda 2. MRSA - SMX-TMP - clinda - doxy 3. MSSA - dicloxacillin - cephalexin (keflex)

Question 27

abx for purulent severe skin/soft tissue infection (empiric, MRSA, MSSA, pseudomonas)

Answer 27

1. empiric - vancomycin + pip/taz 2. MRSA - vancomycin 3. MSSA - nafcillin - cefazolin 4. pseudomonas - pip/taz

Question 28

gastroenteritis is mostly caused by ?

Answer 28

viral

Question 29

bacterial agents that cause gastroenteritis

Answer 29

1. e. coli 2. salmonella 3. shigella 4. campybacter 5. c. diff

Question 30

empiric tx for gastroenteritis (infectious, c. diff)

Answer 30

1. infectious diarrhea - cipro 2. c. diff - vancomycin PO

Question 31

MC of meningitis is ?

Answer 31

viral

Question 32

bacterial agents that can cause meningitis

Answer 32

1. s. pneumo 2. neisseria meningitidis

Question 33

empiric tx for meningitis

Answer 33

**ceftriaxone + vancomycin** + ampicillin if high listeria risk

Question 34

if reports show resistance to erythromycin, what do you not use?

Answer 34

azithromycin

Question 35

if reports show resistance to amoxicillin, what can you use?

Answer 35

augmentin - amoxicillin/clavulanate

Question 36

when giving augmentin, what else do you have to give?

Answer 36

ceftriaxone